Numbers 7

Keywords

dwelling/משכן [h4908] • anoint/משח [h4886] • sanctify/קדש [h6942] • prince/נשיא [h5387] • bring near/קרב [h7126] • offering/קרבן [h7133] • wagon/עגלה [h5699] • cattle/בקר [h1241] • service/עבדה [h5656] • shoulder/כתף [h3802] • lift / carry/נשא [h5375] • dedication/חנכה [h2598] • dish/קערה [h7086] • basin/מזרק [h4219] • palm/כף [h3709] • incense/קטרת [h7004] • silver/כסף [h3701] • gold/זהב [h2091] • bull/פר [h6499] • ram/איל [h352] • lamb/כבש [h3532] • he-goat/שעיר [h8163] • ascending-offering/עלה [h5930] • sin-offering/חטאת [h2403] • peace-offerings/שלמים [h8002] • voice/קול [h6963] • covering/כפרת [h3727] • kerubim (cherubims)/כרבים [h3742]

Where Numbers 7 Falls in Time

📖 Numbers 1–6 is set from the first day of the second month (Num 1:1). Numbers 7 returns to the day the dwelling was raised, a month earlier (Exod 40:17); Numbers 9:1 also returns to the first month.

📖 The twelve princes are the men named in Num 1:5–15, and they offer in the camp order of Num 2: east (Yehudah (Judah), Yissakhar (Issachar), Zebulun), south (Re'uben, Shim'on (Simeon), Gad), west (Ephrayim (Ephraim), Menasheh (Manasseh), Binyamin (Benjamin)), north (Dan, Asher, Naphtali).

📖 The wagons follow the service assigned in Num 4: Gershon carries the curtains (2 wagons), Merari the boards, bars and pillars (4 wagons); Qehat (Kohath) carries the sanctity on the shoulder (no wagons; Num 4:15).

📖 The Nazir's offering (Num 6:14) and each prince's offering list the same three kinds in the same order: ascending-offering, sin-offering, peace-offerings.

📖 כלות (kallot), “finishing” (7:1), is the verb of “and Moshe (Moses) finished the work” (Exod 40:33) and of “and Alahym finished” on the seventh day (Gen 2:2).

Aleph/Tav Annotation Key

[/Vav], [Zayin/] etc. — grayed; the Hebrew prefix or suffix letter. Silent, not read aloud.

[at] — plain black italics; an English word not present in the Hebrew. Silent parenthetical.

Prefixes rendered throughout: ו and • ב in / by • ל to / for • מ from • כ as / according to • ה the. Suffixes: ו his / him • ה her • ם their / them • ך you / your • י my / me.

[Numbers 7:1–89 — Retranslation from the Hebrew]

The Dwelling Anointed; the Wagons Given (v.1–9)

1 And there was, in the day of the finishing [h3615] of Moshe (Moses) to raise up Aleph/Tav–the dwelling [h4908], and he anointed [h4886] Aleph/Tav him [/Vav] [h853] and sanctified [h6942] Aleph/Tav him [/Vav] [h853], and Aleph/Tav–all his vessels [h3627], and Aleph/Tav–the altar [h4196], and Aleph/Tav–all his vessels; and he anointed them and sanctified Aleph/Tav them [/Mem] [h853].

📖 כלות (kallot) — “finishing”; the same verb as ויכל (vaykhal), “and he finished,” of Alahym on the seventh day (Gen 2:2) and of Moshe's (Moses's) work on the dwelling (Exod 40:33).

📖 המשכן (hamishkan) — “the dwelling,” from שכן (shakhan), “dwell.” KJV: “tabernacle.” Compare ושכנתי בתוכם (veshakhanti betokham), “and I will dwell in their midst” (Exod 25:8).

📖 Seven Aleph/Tav-family tokens in one verse: the dwelling, him (anointed), him (sanctified), all his vessels, the altar, all his vessels, them.

📖 משה (Moshe, h4872) — from משה (mashah, h4871), “draw out”: “because from the water I drew him out” (Exod 2:10).

2 And the princes [h5387] of Yisra'al (Israel), heads of the house of their fathers, brought near [h7126]; they are the princes of the tribes [h4294], they are the ones standing over the ones mustered [h6485].

📖 נשיאי (nesiei) — “princes of,” from נשא (nasa), “lift up”: the one lifted up. The same verb is ישאו (yisau), “they shall lift,” in v.9, and ישא (yisa), “lift up,” in Num 6:26.

📖 המטת (hamattot) — “the tribes”; the noun also means “staff, rod.”

📖 ישראל (Yisra'al, h3478) — שרה (sarah, h8280), “strive, prevail” + אל (Al): “because you have striven with Alahym and with men, and have prevailed” (Gen 32:28).

3 And they caused to come [h935] Aleph/Tav–their offering [h7133] to the face of Yahuah: six covered [h6632] wagons [h5699] and twelve cattle [h1241], a wagon for two of the princes and an ox [h7794] for one; and they brought Aleph/Tav them [/Vav/Mem] [h853] near to the face of the dwelling.

📖 עגלת (agalot) — “wagons”; the same consonants as עגלה (eglah), “heifer” (h5697).

📖 צב (tsab) — “covered”; the word also names the tortoise (Lev 11:29).

4 And Yahuah said to Moshe (Moses), to say:

📖 לאמר (lemor) — ל (lamed, to) + אמר (amar, say).

5 “Take from them, and they shall be to serve Aleph/Tav–the service of the tent of meeting [h5656]; and you shall give Aleph/Tav them [/Vav/Mem] [h853] to the Levi'im (Levites), each man according to the mouth of his service.”

📖 כפי עבדתו (kefi avodato) — כ (kaf, according to) + פי (pi, mouth of) + עבדתו (abodato, his service): “according to the mouth of his service.” The same כפי (kefi) as Num 6:21, “according to the mouth of his vow.”

📖 לוים (Levi'im, h3881) — from לוי (Levi, h3878); לוה (lavah, h3867), “join, be attached”: “now my husband will be joined to me” (Gen 29:34). Compare Num 18:2, where the Levi'im (Levites) are “joined” (וילוו (veyillavu)) to Aharon (Aaron).

6 And Moshe (Moses) took Aleph/Tav–the wagons and Aleph/Tav–the cattle, and gave Aleph/Tav them [/Vav/Mem] [h853] to the Levi'im (Levites).

📖 את־העגלת ואת־הבקר (et-haagalot veet-habaqar) — wagons and cattle, each marked Aleph/Tav–.

7 Aleph/Tav [h853] two of the wagons extending to [Vav/] Aleph/Tav [h853] four of the cattle he gave to the sons of Gershon, according to the mouth of their service;

📖 את שתי (et shtei) — Aleph/Tav proper (no maqqef). ואת ארבעת (veet arbaat) — inter-merism (no maqqef).

📖 גרשון (Gershon, h1648) — from גרש (garash, h1644), “drive out, cast out.” Compare גר (ger), “sojourner” (Exod 2:22, Gershom).

8 Extending to [Vav/] Aleph/Tav [h853] four of the wagons extending to [Vav/] Aleph/Tav [h853] eight of the cattle he gave to the sons of Merari, according to the mouth of their service, in the hand of Itamar (Ithamar) son of Aharon (Aaron) the priest.

📖 ואת ארבע (veet arba) opens the verse: “extending to Aleph/Tav,” bridging from Gershon's portion in v.7 to Merari's in v.8. Gershon: two wagons, four cattle. Merari: four wagons, eight cattle.

📖 מררי (Merari, h4847) — from מרר (marar, h4843), “be bitter”: the root of המרים (hamarim), “the bitter [waters],” in Num 5:18–27.

📖 איתמר (Itamar, h385) — commonly read אי (i, coast / island) + תמר (tamar, h8558), “palm tree.” The derivation is uncertain. תמר (tamar, palm tree) is a different word from כף (kaf, palm of the hand) in v.14.

📖 אהרן (Aharon, h175) — the derivation of the name is uncertain.

9 And to the sons of Qehat (Kohath) he did not give; because the service of the sanctity [h6944] was upon them: on the shoulder [h3802] they shall lift [h5375].

📖 בכתף ישאו (bakatef yisau) — ב (bet, on) + כתף (katef, shoulder); ישאו (yisau), “they shall lift,” the verb behind נשיא (nasi), “prince” (v.2). The princes give wagons; the sons of Qehat (Kohath) lift the sanctity on the shoulder. Compare Num 4:15.

📖 כתף (katef) — “shoulder”; compare שכמו (shikhmo), “his shoulder,” in Isa 9:6 (Heb. 9:5), a different word.

📖 הקדש (haqodesh, h6944) — “the sanctity”: here the sanctified things Qehat (Kohath) carried. Num 3:31 lists their charge: the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, and כלי הקדש (kelei haqodesh), “the vessels of the sanctity.” Num 4:4 calls the whole קדש הקדשים (qodesh haqodashim), “the sanctity of the sanctities,” and Num 4:15 warns ולא־יגעו אל־הקדש ומתו (velo-yiggeu el-haqodesh vametu), “and they shall not touch the sanctity, and die.” The sanctuary as a place is a different word, מקדש (miqdash) (h4720; Num 3:38). KJV renders both “sanctuary.”

📖 קהת (Qehat, h6955) — the root is uncertain; compare יקהת (yiqqehat), “obedience,” in Gen 49:10 (“to him the obedience of peoples”), and קהל (qahal), “assembly.”

The Dedication of the Altar (v.10–11)

10 And the princes brought near Aleph/Tav [h853] the dedication [h2598] of the altar in the day of anointing Aleph/Tav him [/Vav] [h853]; and the princes brought near Aleph/Tav–their offering to the face of the altar.

📖 חנכת (chanukat) — “dedication of,” from חנך (chanakh), “dedicate, train.” The noun is חנכה (chanukah). Compare the feast of the dedication in John 10:22.

11 And Yahuah said to Moshe (Moses): “One prince for the day, one prince for the day, they shall bring near Aleph/Tav–their offering for the dedication of the altar.”

📖 נשיא אחד ליום נשיא אחד ליום (nasi echad layom nasi echad layom) — the phrase is doubled.

Twelve Days, Twelve Princes (v.12–83)

12 And the one bringing near Aleph/Tav–his offering in the first day was Nachshon (Nahshon) son of Amminadab, to the tribe of Yehudah (Judah).

📖 ביום הראשון (bayom harishon) — “in the first day.” נחשון בן־עמינדב (Nachshon ben-Amminadab). Yehudah (Judah), camped first on the east (Num 2:3), brings near first.

📖 נחשון (Nachshon, h5177) — from נחש (nachash, h5172 / h5175), “divine, enchant” / “serpent.” Compare the serpent of Gen 3:1 and the bronze serpent (נחש נחשת (nechash nechoshet)) of Num 21:9.

📖 עמינדב (Amminadab, h5992) — עם (am, people) + נדב (nadab, h5068), “be willing, offer freely”: “my people is willing.” נדבה (nedabah) is the freewill offering (Exod 35:29). Amminadab is the father-in-law of Aharon (Exod 6:23) and in the line of David (Ruth 4:19–20; Matt 1:4).

📖 יהודה (Yehudah, h3063) — from ידה (yadah, h3034), “praise, give thanks”: “this time I will praise Yahuah” (Gen 29:35).

13 And his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 קערת (qaarat) — “dish” (h7086). מזרק (mizraq) — “basin,” from זרק (zaraq), “sprinkle”: the basin of sprinkling.

📖 משקלה (mishqalah) — משקל (mishqal, weight) + ה (hey, her); קערה (qearah, dish) is feminine. שלשים ומאה (sheloshim umeah) — “thirty and a hundred,” in the Hebrew order.

📖 בשקל הקדש (beshekel haqodesh) — “by the shekel of the sanctity”: the standard weight set apart for the sanctity, “twenty gerah the shekel” (Exod 30:13). KJV: “shekel of the sanctuary.” בלולה בשמן (belulah bashemen) — “mixed in the oil,” as Num 6:15.

14 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

📖 כף (kaf) — “palm”; the vessel is named for the hollow of the hand. KJV: “spoon.” The same word as על־כפי (al-kappei), “upon the palms,” in Num 6:19. עשרה זהב (asarah zahav) — “ten gold.” No unit is written; v.86 gives the weight as “ten ten the palm by the shekel of the sanctity.”

📖 קטרת (qetoret) — “incense.” Compare Ps 141:2 and Rev 5:8.

15 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

📖 בן־בקר (ben-baqar) — literally “a son of the herd”: a young bull. בן־שנתו (ben-shenato) — literally “a son of his year”: one year old.

📖 לעלה (leolah) — ל (lamed, for) + עלה (olah, that which ascends).

16 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

📖 שעיר (sair) — “he-goat,” literally “hairy one”; from the same root as שער (sear), “hair” (Num 6:5, 18). Compare the two goats of Lev 16:7–10.

17 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Nachshon (Nahshon) son of Amminadab.

📖 עתודים (attudim) — “he-goats” (h6260), a different word from שעיר (sair) in v.16. זה (zeh) — “this” (Zayin-Hey), not the Aleph/Tav form זאת (zot).

📖 Every prince brings the same: 1 dish, 1 basin, 1 palm; 1 bull, 1 ram, 1 lamb (ascending); 1 he-goat (sin); 2 cattle, 5 rams, 5 he-goats, 5 lambs (peace). Twenty-one animals.

18 In the second day Netan'al (Nethaneel) son of Tsu'ar (Zuar), prince of Yissakhar (Issachar), brought near;

📖 נתנאל (Netan'al, h5417) — נתן (natan, give) + אל (Al): “Al has given.” נתן (natan) is the verb of v.5–9: “you shall give,” “he gave.”

📖 צוער (Tsu'ar, h6686) — from צער (tsaar, h6819), “be small, be brought low.”

📖 יששכר (Yissakhar, h3485) — יש שכר (yesh sakhar), “there is a wage”: “Alahym has given my wage” (Gen 30:18). שכר (sakhar, wage, h7939) has the same consonants as שכר (shekhar, strong drink, h7941) in Num 6:3.

19 he brought near Aleph/Tav–his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 נתנאל בן־צוער (Netan'al ben-Tsuar). Only the first two days mark את־קרבנו (et-qorbano, v.12, 19); from the third day the verse begins קרבנו (qorbano), “his offering,” without Aleph/Tav.

20 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

21 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

22 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

23 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Netan'al (Nethaneel) son of Tsu'ar (Zuar).

24 In the third day, prince to the sons of Zebulun, Eliab son of Chelon (Helon):

📖 אליאב (Eliab, h446) — אלי (Ali, my Al) + אב (ab, father): “my Al is father.”

📖 חלן (Chelon, h2497) — the derivation is uncertain; Strong's gives “strong.”

📖 זבולן (Zebulun, h2074) — from זבל (zabal, h2082), “dwell, honor”: “now my husband will dwell with me” (Gen 30:20).

25 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 אליאב בן־חלן (Eliab ben-Chelon). The same offering as v.13–17.

26 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

27 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

28 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

29 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Eliab son of Chelon (Helon).

30 In the fourth day, prince to the sons of Re'uben, Elitsur (Elizur) son of Shedey'ur (Shedeur):

📖 אליצור (Elitsur, h468) — אלי (Ali, my Al) + צור (tsur, rock): “my Al is a rock.” Compare Deut 32:4 and 1 Cor 10:4.

📖 שדיאור (Shedey'ur, h7707) — שדי (Shaddai) + אור (or, light): “Shaddai is light.” אור (or) is the noun of יאר (yaer), “cause to shine,” in Num 6:25.

📖 ראובן (Re'uben, h7205) — ראו בן (reu ben), “see, a son”: “Yahuah has seen my affliction” (Gen 29:32).

31 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 אליצור בן־שדיאור (Elitsur ben-Shedeyur). The same offering as v.13–17.

32 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

33 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

34 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

35 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Elitsur (Elizur) son of Shedey'ur (Shedeur).

36 In the fifth day, prince to the sons of Shim'on (Simeon), Shelumi'al (Shelumiel) son of Tsurishaddai (Zurishaddai):

📖 שלמיאל (Shelumi'al, h8017) — שלום (shalom, peace) / שלם (shalem, complete) + אל (Al): “at peace with Al.” The same root as שלמים (shelamim), the peace-offerings, and שלום (shalom) in Num 6:26.

📖 צורישדי (Tsurishaddai, h6701) — צורי (tsuri, my rock) + שדי (Shaddai): “my rock is Shaddai.”

📖 שמעון (Shim'on, h8095) — from שמע (shama, h8085), “hear”: “because Yahuah has heard” (Gen 29:33). The same verb as וישמע (vayishma), “and he heard,” in v.89.

37 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 שלמיאל בן־צורישדי (Shelumial ben-Tsurishaddai). The same offering as v.13–17.

38 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

39 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

40 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

41 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Shelumi'al (Shelumiel) son of Tsurishaddai (Zurishaddai).

42 In the sixth day, prince to the sons of Gad, Elyasaph (Eliasaph) son of De'u'al (Deuel):

📖 אליסף (Elyasaph, h460) — אל (Al) + יסף (yasaph, h3254), “add”: “Al has added.” Compare Yoseph (Joseph): “Yahuah shall add to me another son” (Gen 30:24).

📖 דעואל (De'u'al, h1845) — from ידע (yada, know) + אל (Al): “knowledge of Al.” Num 2:14 spells the name רעואל (Reual), with resh for dalet.

📖 גד (Gad, h1410) — “fortune” or “troop”: בגד (bagad), “fortune comes” (Gen 30:11); compare גדוד (gedud), “troop” (Gen 49:19).

43 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 אליסף בן־דעואל (Elyasaph ben-Deual). The same offering as v.13–17.

44 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

45 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

46 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

47 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Elyasaph (Eliasaph) son of De'u'al (Deuel).

48 In the seventh day, prince to the sons of Ephrayim (Ephraim), Elishama son of Ammihud:

📖 אלישמע (Elishama, h476) — אלי (Ali, my Al) + שמע (shama, hear): “my Al has heard.” The verb of Shim'on (v.36) and of v.89.

📖 עמיהוד (Ammihud, h5989) — עמי (ammi, my people) + הוד (hod, h1935), “splendor, majesty”: “my people is splendor.”

📖 אפרים (Ephrayim, h669) — from פרה (parah, h6509), “be fruitful”: “Alahym has caused me to be fruitful” (Gen 41:52).

49 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 אלישמע בן־עמיהוד (Elishama ben-Ammihud). The same offering as v.13–17.

50 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

51 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

52 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

53 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Elishama son of Ammihud.

54 In the eighth day, prince to the sons of Menasheh (Manasseh), Gamli'al (Gamaliel) son of Pedahtsur (Pedahzur):

📖 גמליאל (Gamli'al, h1583) — גמל (gamal, h1580), “deal fully with, repay, wean” + אל (Al): “Al is my reward.”

📖 פדהצור (Pedahtsur, h6301) — פדה (padah, h6299), “ransom, redeem” + צור (tsur, rock): “the rock has ransomed.” פדה (padah) is the verb of the ransom of the firstborn (Num 3:46–51) and of לא יפדה (lo yippadeh), “shall not be ransomed” (Lev 27:29).

📖 מנשה (Menasheh, h4519) — from נשה (nashah, h5382), “forget”: “Alahym has made me forget all my toil” (Gen 41:51).

55 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 גמליאל בן־פדה־צור (Gamlial ben-Pedah-tsur). The same offering as v.13–17.

56 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

57 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

58 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

59 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Gamli'al (Gamaliel) son of Pedahtsur (Pedahzur).

60 In the ninth day, prince to the sons of Binyamin (Benjamin), Abidan son of Gid'oni (Gideoni):

📖 אבידן (Abidan, h27) — אבי (abi, my father) + דין (din, judge): “my father is judge.”

📖 גדעני (Gid'oni, h1441) — from גדע (gada, h1438), “hew down, cut off.” The same root as Gid'on (Gideon), who cut down the Asherah (Judg 6:25).

📖 בנימן (Binyamin, h1144) — בן (ben, son) + ימין (yamin, right hand): “son of the right hand” (Gen 35:18).

61 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 אבידן בן־גדעני (Abidan ben-Gidoni). The same offering as v.13–17.

62 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

63 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

64 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

65 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Abidan son of Gid'oni (Gideoni).

66 In the tenth day, prince to the sons of Dan, Achi'ezer (Ahiezer) son of Ammishaddai:

📖 אחיעזר (Achi'ezer, h295) — אחי (achi, my brother) + עזר (ezer, h5828), “help”: “my brother is help.” עזר (ezer) is the word of עזר כנגדו (ezer kenegdo), “a help as his counterpart” (Gen 2:18).

📖 עמישדי (Ammishaddai, h5996) — עמי (ammi, my people) + שדי (Shaddai): “my people is Shaddai's.”

📖 דן (Dan, h1835) — from דין (din, h1777), “judge”: “Alahym has judged me” (Gen 30:6). The same root as Abidan (v.60).

67 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 אחיעזר בן־עמישדי (Achiezer ben-Ammishaddai). The same offering as v.13–17.

68 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

69 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

70 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

71 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Achi'ezer (Ahiezer) son of Ammishaddai.

72 In the eleventh day, prince to the sons of Asher, Pag'i'al (Pagiel) son of Okhran (Ocran):

📖 פגעיאל (Pag'i'al, h6295) — פגע (paga, h6293), “meet, encounter, intercede” + אל (Al): “met by Al.” פגע (paga) is the verb of הפגיע בו (hifgia bo), “caused to meet in him” (Isa 53:6), and יפגיע (yafgia), “he shall cause to meet” (Isa 53:12).

📖 עכרן (Okhran, h5918) — from עכר (akhar, h5916), “trouble”: compare the valley of Akhor (עמק עכור (emeq akhor)), Josh 7:26, given “for a door of hope” in Hos 2:15.

📖 אשר (Asher, h836) — “happy, blessed”: “in my happiness, for daughters will call me happy” (Gen 30:13).

73 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 פגעיאל בן־עכרן (Pagial ben-Okhran). The same offering as v.13–17.

74 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

75 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

76 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

77 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Pag'i'al (Pagiel) son of Okhran (Ocran).

78 In the twelfth day, prince to the sons of Naphtali, Achira (Ahira) son of Enan:

📖 אחירע (Achira, h299) — אחי (achi, my brother) + רע (ra): either “evil” (h7451) or “friend” (h7453); the meaning is uncertain.

📖 עינן (Enan, h5881) — from עין (ayin), “eye, spring”; Strong's gives “having eyes.” The derivation is uncertain.

📖 נפתלי (Naphtali, h5321) — from פתל (pathal, h6617), “twist, wrestle”: “wrestlings of Alahym I have wrestled” (Gen 30:8).

79 his offering: one silver [h3701] dish [h7086], thirty and a hundred her weight [h4948]; one silver basin [h4219] of seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctity; both of them full of fine flour [h5560] mixed [h1101] in the oil for a food-offering [h4503];

📖 אחירע בן־עינן (Achira ben-Enan). The same offering as v.13–17.

80 One palm [h3709], ten gold [h2091], full of incense [h7004];

81 One bull [h6499], young of the herd [h1241], one ram [h352], one lamb [h3532] one year old, for an ascending-offering [h5930];

82 One he-goat [h8163] of the goats for a sin-offering [h2403];

83 And for the sacrifice [h2077] of the peace-offerings [h8002]: two cattle, five rams, five he-goats [h6260], five lambs one year old. This is the offering of Achira (Ahira) son of Enan.

The Sum of the Dedication (v.84–88)

84 Cut from [Zayin/] Aleph/Tav [h2063] — the dedication of the altar in the day of anointing Aleph/Tav him [/Vav] [h853], from the princes of Yisra'al (Israel): silver dishes twelve, silver basins twelve, gold palms twelve;

📖 זאת חנכת המזבח (zot chanukat hamizbeach) — Zayin/AT; the same phrase closes the sum in v.88.

📖 מאת (meet) — מ (mem, from) + את (et, with): the preposition “from with” (h854), not the Aleph/Tav marker.

85 thirty and a hundred the one dish of silver, and seventy the one basin; all the silver of the vessels two thousand and four hundred by the shekel of the sanctity;

86 gold palms twelve, full of incense, ten ten the palm by the shekel of the sanctity; all the gold of the palms twenty and a hundred.

📖 עשרה עשרה (asarah asarah) — “ten ten”: ten each.

87 All the cattle for the ascending-offering: twelve bulls, rams twelve, lambs one year old twelve, and their food-offering; and he-goats of the goats twelve for a sin-offering.

88 And all the cattle of the sacrifice of the peace-offerings: twenty and four bulls, rams sixty, he-goats sixty, lambs one year old sixty. Cut from [Zayin/] Aleph/Tav [h2063] — the dedication of the altar after the anointing Aleph/Tav him [/Vav] [h853].

📖 v.84: ביום המשח אתו (beyom himmashach oto), “in the day of anointing Aleph/Tav him.” v.88: אחרי המשח אתו (acharei himmashach oto), “after the anointing Aleph/Tav him.”

📖 Totals: 12 bulls, 12 rams, 12 lambs, 12 he-goats; 24 bulls, 60 rams, 60 he-goats, 60 lambs. 252 animals; 2,400 shekels of silver; 120 shekels of gold.

The Voice from between the Kerubim (v.89)

89 And in Moshe's (Moses's) coming into the tent of meeting to speak with him, and he heard Aleph/Tav–the voice [h6963] speaking [h1696] to him from upon the covering [h3727] which is upon the ark of the testimony, from between the two kerubim (cherubims) [h3742]; and he spoke to him.

📖 לדבר אתו (ledabber itto) — “to speak with him”; אתו (itto) here is the preposition “with him” (h854), not the Aleph/Tav marker.

📖 מדבר (middabber) — reflexive participle: the voice “speaking” (KJV “speaking unto him”).

📖 הכפרת (hakapporet) — “the covering,” from כפר (kipper), “cover / make atonement.” KJV: “mercy seat.” Compare Exod 25:22: ודברתי אתך מעל הכפרת (vedibbarti ittekha meal hakapporet), “and I will speak with you from upon the covering.”

Appendix — Aleph/Tav Occurrences in Numbers 7

29 Aleph/Tav-family tokens: 9 intra-merism, 4 intra-merism with vav, 9 suffixed, 2 Aleph/Tav proper, 3 inter-merism, 2 Zayin/AT. None in v.13–18 or v.20–83. Not annotated: the preposition “with” (h854) in v.84 (מאת) and v.89 (אתו); אחת (one, feminine; infixed) throughout; חטאת (sin-offering; root חטא); מלאת (v.86; root מלא).

Discussion

1. Out of Order: Why Is the Dedication Placed Here?

Numbers 7 happened a month before Numbers 1. The text sets the camp in order (ch.1–4), cleanses the camp (ch.5), consecrates the Nazir and sets the name upon the people (ch.6), and only then records the day the dwelling was anointed.

1.1 — Exodus 40:17, 33–34 — Moshe (Moses) Finished the Work

17 And there was, in the first month, in the second year, on the first of the month, the dwelling was raised up. 33 And he raised up Aleph/Tav–the court all around the dwelling and the altar, and gave Aleph/Tav–the screen of the gate of the court; and Moshe (Moses) finished [h3615] Aleph/Tav–the work. 34 And the cloud covered Aleph/Tav–the tent of meeting, and the glory of Yahuah filled Aleph/Tav–the dwelling.

📖 ויכל (vaykhal) (v.33) — the verb of כלות (kallot), “finishing,” in Num 7:1.

1.2 — Leviticus 9:22–24 — The Eighth Day: Blessing and Fire

22 And Aharon (Aaron) lifted up Aleph/Tav–his hands toward the people and blessed them, and came down from making the sin-offering and the ascending-offering and the peace-offerings. 23 And Moshe (Moses) and Aharon (Aaron) came into the tent of meeting, and came out and blessed Aleph/Tav–the people; and the glory of Yahuah appeared to all the people. 24 And fire went out from before Yahuah and consumed upon the altar Aleph/Tav–the ascending-offering and Aleph/Tav–the fats; and all the people saw, and shouted, and fell [h5307] upon their faces.

📖 וישא (vayissa), “and he lifted up” (v.22) — the verb of the princes' name (נשיא (nasi)) and of Num 6:26. The three offerings are the three kinds of Num 7: sin, ascending, peace.

1.3 — Numbers 9:1–3 — The Passover in the First Month

1 And Yahuah spoke to Moshe (Moses) in the wilderness of Sinai, in the second year of their going out from the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt), in the first month, to say: 2 And let the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) make Aleph/Tav–the Passover in his appointed time. 3 In the fourteenth day in this month, between the evenings, you shall make Aleph/Tav him [/Vav] [h853] in his appointed time; according to all his statutes and according to all his judgments you shall make Aleph/Tav him [/Vav] [h853].

📖 אתו (oto) twice in v.3 — the Passover is “Aleph/Tav him.” Num 9 is the other chapter of Numbers set in the first month.

Questions

1. Numbers 1–6 numbers and orders the people, cleanses the camp, and consecrates the Nazir. Why does the record of the anointing and dedication come after these, rather than in date order?
2. Exod 40:33 says Moshe (Moses) “finished” the work; Gen 2:2 says Alahym “finished” on the seventh day. What does the same verb in Num 7:1 suggest about the dwelling?
3. Aharon (Aaron) lifts his hands and blesses after the offerings (Lev 9:22); Num 6 ends with the priestly blessing and Num 7 begins with the offerings. Which order does the text follow, and why?

2. The Shoulder and the Wagons

The princes give wagons and cattle for the dwelling's curtains, boards and pillars. The sanctity itself is not carried on a wagon: “on the shoulder they shall lift” (v.9).

2.1 — Numbers 4:4, 15 — The Sanctity of the Sanctities

4 Cut from [Zayin/] Aleph/Tav [h2063] — the service of the sons of Qehat (Kohath) in the tent of meeting: the sanctity of the sanctities. 15 And Aharon (Aaron) and his sons shall finish [h3615] covering Aleph/Tav–the sanctity and Aleph/Tav–all the vessels of the sanctity, in the setting out of the camp; and after this the sons of Qehat (Kohath) shall come to lift [h5375]; and they shall not touch the sanctity, and die. These are the burden [h4853] of the sons of Qehat (Kohath) in the tent of meeting.

📖 משא (massa), “burden” — from נשא (nasa), “lift”: the same root as נשיא (nasi), prince.

2.2 — 2 Samuel 6:3, 6–7 — The New Wagon

3 And they made Aleph/Tav–the ark of the Alahym ride upon a new wagon [h5699], and lifted him from the house of Abinadab which is in the hill; and Uzza (Uzzah) and Achyo (Ahio), sons of Abinadab, were driving Aleph/Tav–the new wagon. 6 And they came to the threshing floor of Nakhon (Nachon), and Uzza (Uzzah) sent forth [his hand] to the ark of the Alahym and took hold of him, because the cattle [h1241] stumbled. 7 And the nose of Yahuah burned against Uzza (Uzzah), and the Alahym struck him there for the error; and he died there with the ark of the Alahym.

📖 עגלה (agalah, wagon) and בקר (baqar, cattle) — the two gifts of Num 7:3. “And died” — the warning of Num 4:15.

2.3 — 1 Chronicles 15:2, 15 — On Their Shoulder

2 Then David said: None shall lift Aleph/Tav–the ark of the Alahym but the Levi'im (Levites); because in them Yahuah has chosen to lift Aleph/Tav–the ark of Yahuah and to minister to him unto eternity. 15 And the sons of the Levi'im (Levites) lifted Aleph/Tav the ark of the Alahym, as Moshe (Moses) commanded according to the word of Yahuah, on their shoulder [h3802], with the poles [h4133] upon them.

📖 בכתפם (bikhtefam), “on their shoulder” — the word of Num 7:9. במטות (bammotot), “with the poles” (h4133), the carrying bars.

2.4 — Luke 15:4–6 — He Lays Upon His Shoulders

4 What man from you, having a hundred sheep and having lost one of them, does not leave the ninety-nine in the wilderness and go after the lost one until he finds [the sheep]? 5 And having found [the sheep], he lays [the sheep] upon his shoulders [G5606], rejoicing; 6 and having come into the house, he calls together the friends and the neighbors, saying to them: Rejoice with me, because I have found my sheep that was lost.

📖 Compare Isa 9:6: “and the government shall be upon his shoulder.”

Questions

1. Why are the curtains and boards given to wagons, but the ark and the vessels of the sanctity carried on the shoulder?
2. In 2 Sam 6 the ark rides a new wagon pulled by cattle, the cattle stumble, and Uzza (Uzzah) dies. What does that event show about Num 7:9?
3. The princes (“lifted ones”) give, while the sons of Qehat (Kohath) “lift.” Who carries the sanctity, and what does the shepherd who lays the lost sheep on his shoulders add to the picture?

3. Twelve Names, One Offering: the Numbers

Each prince brings exactly the same offering: a silver dish of 130 shekels and a silver basin of 70 (200 silver), a gold palm of 10, and 21 animals. The text writes all twelve out in full, each with his name, his father and his day.

3.1 — Exodus 28:21 — Each Man upon His Name

21 And the stones shall be upon the names of the sons of Yisra'al (Israel), twelve, upon their names; engravings of a seal, each man upon his name, they shall be for the twelve tribes.

📖 איש על־שמו (ish al-shemo), “each man upon his name” — the high priest carries the twelve names on his breastplate (Exod 28:29).

3.2 — Genesis 5:3 — Thirty and a Hundred

3 And Adam lived thirty and a hundred years, and fathered in his likeness, according to his image, and called Aleph/Tav–his name Sheth (Seth).

📖 שלשים ומאת (sheloshim umeat), “thirty and a hundred” — the weight of each silver dish (Num 7:13).

3.3 — Exodus 1:1, 5 — Seventy Souls

1 And these are the names of the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) coming to Mitsrayim (Egypt) with Ya'akob (Jacob); each man and his house came. 5 And all the souls going out of the thigh of Ya'akob (Jacob) were seventy souls; and Yoseph (Joseph) was in Mitsrayim (Egypt).

📖 יצאי ירך (yotsei yerekh), “going out of the thigh” — the thigh of Num 5:21. Seventy — the weight of each silver basin (Num 7:13).

3.4 — Numbers 11:16–17 — Seventy Elders

16 And Yahuah said to Moshe (Moses): Gather to me seventy men from the elders of Yisra'al (Israel), whom you know that they are the elders of the people and his officers; and take Aleph/Tav them [/Mem] [h853] to the tent of meeting, and they shall stand there with you. 17 And I will come down and speak with you there, and I will take aside from the spirit which is upon you and set upon them; and they shall lift with you in the burden of the people, and you shall not lift alone.

📖 ונשאו אתך במשא (venasu ittekha bemassa), “and they shall lift with you in the burden” — נשא (nasa) again.

3.5 — 2 Chronicles 5:12–14 — A Hundred and Twenty Priests

12 and the Levi'im (Levites) the singers, all of them, of Asaph, of Heman, of Yeduthun (Jeduthun), and their sons and their brothers, clothed in fine linen, with cymbals and with harps and lyres, standing east of the altar, and with them priests, a hundred and twenty, sounding with trumpets; 13 and there was, as one, the trumpeters and the singers, to make heard one voice [h6963] in praising and thanking Yahuah; and in lifting up a voice with the trumpets and with the cymbals and with the instruments of song, and in praising Yahuah: for he is good, for his kindness is unto eternity; and the house was filled with a cloud, the house of Yahuah; 14 and the priests were not able to stand to minister from the face of the cloud; for the glory of Yahuah filled Aleph/Tav–the house of the Alahym.

📖 The dedication of Shlomo's (Solomon's) house: a hundred and twenty priests, “one voice,” and the cloud. Num 7: a hundred and twenty shekels of gold (v.86), and the voice (v.89).

3.6 — Revelation 21:12–14 — Twelve Gates, Twelve Names

12 having a wall great and high, having twelve gates, and at the gates twelve messengers, and names written, which are the names of the twelve tribes of the sons of Yisra'al (Israel); 13 from the east three gates, and from the north three gates, and from the south three gates, and from the west three gates. 14 And the wall of the city having twelve foundations, and upon them twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.

📖 East first — Yehudah's (Judah's) camp is on the east and offers first (Num 2:3; 7:12).

Questions

1. Every prince brings exactly the same thing, yet all twelve are written out in full. Why record the same offering twelve times instead of once with “and so for each tribe”?
2. Each prince is named with his father on his own day. How does this compare with the names engraved “each man upon his name” on the high priest's breastplate, and the names on the gates of Rev 21?
3. The dish weighs 130 and the basin 70. Where else do these numbers occur (Gen 5:3; Exod 1:5; Num 11:16), and is there a connection or only a coincidence?
4. The peace-offerings (17 animals) are larger than the ascending-offering (3) and the sin-offering (1) together. The offerer eats the peace-offering (Lev 7:15). What does the proportion say about the dedication?
5. 21 animals per prince (3 × 7), 252 in all; 2,400 shekels of silver and 120 of gold. Which of these numbers does Scripture itself interpret elsewhere, and which are we supplying?

4. Dedication and Anointing

חנכה (chanukah), “dedication,” appears in v.10, 11, 84 and 88. In v.84 and 88 the sum is sealed with זאת חנכת המזבח (zot chanukat hamizbeach), and the altar is “anointing Aleph/Tav him.”

4.1 — Proverbs 22:6 — Dedicate the Youth

6 Dedicate [h2596] the youth upon the mouth of his way; even when he grows old he will not turn aside from her.

📖 חנך (chanokh) — the verb of חנכה (chanukah); KJV “train up.” על־פי (al-pi), “upon the mouth of” — as Num 7:5 “according to the mouth of his service.”

4.2 — 1 Kings 8:62–63 — Dedicating the House

62 And the king and all Yisra'al (Israel) with him were sacrificing sacrifice to the face of Yahuah. 63 And Shlomo (Solomon) sacrificed Aleph/Tav the sacrifice of the peace-offerings which he sacrificed to Yahuah: cattle twenty and two thousand, and flock a hundred and twenty thousand; and the king and all the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) dedicated [h2596] Aleph/Tav–the house of Yahuah.

4.3 — Daniel 9:24 — To Anoint a Sanctity of Sanctities

24 Seventy sevens are cut upon your people and upon the city of your sanctity, to finish the transgression, and to seal up sins, and to make atonement for iniquity, and to bring in righteousness of eternities, and to seal vision and prophet, and to anoint [h4886] a sanctity of sanctities.

📖 ולמשח קדש קדשים (velimshoach qodesh qodashim), “and to anoint a sanctity of sanctities” — the verb of Num 7:1, 10, 84, 88 and the phrase of Num 4:4. ולכפר (ulekhapper), “to make atonement” — the root כפר (kipper), “cover.”

4.4 — John 10:22–25 — The Feast of the Dedication

22 And the dedication [G1456] took place in Yerushalayim (Jerusalem); winter was; 23 and Yahusha (Jesus) was walking in the temple, in the porch of Shlomo (Solomon). 24 The Yehudim (Jews) then encircled him and said to him: Until when do you lift up [G142] our soul? If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly. 25 Yahusha (Jesus) answered them: I told you, and you do not believe; the works which I do in the name of my Father, these testify concerning me.

📖 ἐγκαίνια (dedication) is the Septuagint's word for חנכת (chanukat) in Num 7:10, 11, 84, 88. “Messiah” (“anointed”) is the noun of the verb משח (mashach).

📖 Zayin/AT in Numbers 5–7: two in each chapter. Ch.5: זאת תורת הקנאת (zot torat hakenaot) (5:29) and התורה הזאת (hatorah hazot) (5:30). Ch.6: וזאת תורת הנזיר (vezot torat hanazir) (6:13) and זאת תורת הנזיר (zot torat hanazir) (6:21). Ch.7: זאת חנכת המזבח (zot chanukat hamizbeach) (7:84, 88), each followed by המשח אתו (himmashach oto), “anointing Aleph/Tav him.”

Questions

1. In chapters 5 and 6 the “cut from Aleph/Tav” is attached to a law; in chapter 7 the cut-from is attached to the dedication of the altar and the anointing. What changes?
2. Every time the dwelling or the altar is anointed in this chapter, the object is “Aleph/Tav him” (v.1, 10, 84, 88). How does Dan 9:24, “to anoint a sanctity of sanctities,” read beside this?
3. At the feast of the dedication Yahusha (Jesus) is asked, “If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly” (John 10:24). Why at this feast?
4. Twenty-three of the 29 Aleph/Tav marks fall in v.1–12, one falls in the twelve days of offerings (v.19), and the rest gather at the sum and the voice (v.84, 88, 89). What does the distribution suggest?

5. The Voice from between the Kerubim (Cherubims)

The chapter ends: “and he heard Aleph/Tav–the voice speaking to him from upon the covering … from between the two kerubim (cherubims)” (v.89).

5.1 — Exodus 25:20–22 — There I Will Meet with You

20 And the kerubim (cherubims) shall be spreading wings upward, screening with their wings over the covering [h3727], and their faces each man to his brother; toward the covering shall be the faces of the kerubim (cherubims). 21 And you shall give Aleph/Tav–the covering upon the ark from above; and into the ark you shall give Aleph/Tav–the testimony which I shall give to you. 22 And I will meet [h3259] with you there, and I will speak with you from upon the covering, from between the two kerubim (cherubims) which are upon the ark of the testimony, Aleph/Tav all that I will command Aleph/Tav you [/Vav/Kaf] [h853] to the sons of Yisra'al (Israel).

📖 ונועדתי (venoadti), “and I will meet” — the root of מועד (moed), as in “the tent of meeting.” Num 7:89 records the promise of v.22 kept.

5.2 — Leviticus 1:1 — He Called from the Tent of Meeting

1 And he called to Moshe (Moses), and Yahuah spoke to him from the tent of meeting, to say:

5.3 — Hebrews 9:3–5 — Kerubim (Cherubims) of Glory

3 and after the second veil, a tent called Sanctity of Sanctities, 4 having a golden censer, and the ark of the covenant covered all around with gold, in which [was] a golden pot having the manna, and the rod of Aharon (Aaron) that budded, and the tablets of the covenant; 5 and above her, kerubim (cherubims) of glory overshadowing the covering [G2435]; concerning which things we cannot now speak in detail.

📖 ἱλαστήριον (covering) is the Septuagint's word for כפרת (kapporet). “The rod of Aharon (Aaron)” — מטה (matteh), the word for “tribe” (Num 7:2; 17:8).

5.4 — Romans 3:24–25 — Set Forth as a Covering

24 being declared righteous freely by his favor through the redemption which is in Messiah Yahusha (Jesus); 25 whom Alahym set forth as a covering [G2435] through faith in his blood, for a showing of his righteousness, because of the passing over of the sins done before,

5.5 — John 20:11–12 — One at the Head, One at the Feet

11 But Miryam (Mary) was standing at the tomb outside, weeping; as she wept, she stooped into the tomb, 12 and she sees two messengers in white, sitting, one at the head and one at the feet, where the body of Yahusha (Jesus) had lain.

Questions

1. Exod 25:22 promises, “I will speak with you from upon the covering, from between the two kerubim (cherubims).” Why does Numbers place that voice at the end of the dedication rather than at the beginning?
2. Heb 9:5 and Rom 3:25 use the same Greek word for the covering of the ark and for Messiah Yahusha (Jesus). What does the voice “from upon the covering” then point to?
3. Two kerubim (cherubims) face each other over the covering; two messengers sit at the head and the feet where the body had lain. Is John 20:12 drawing on the ark?
4. Shim'on (Simeon) and Elishama are named from שמע (shama) (shama), “hear,” and v.89 says “and he heard.” What is heard after the twelve days?