Numbers 9

Keywords

Pesach (Passover)/פסח [h6453] • appointed time/מועד [h4150] • between the evenings/בין הערבים [h6153] • statute/חקה [h2708] • judgment/משפט [h4941] • defiled/טמא [h2931] • soul/נפש [h5315] • come near/קרב [h7126] • offering/קרבן [h7133] • be held back/גרע [h1639] • far/רחק [h7350] • unleavened bread/מצה [h4682] • bitter herbs/מררים [h4844] • bone/עצם [h6106] • break/שבר [h7665] • cut off/כרת [h3772] • sojourner/גר [h1616] • native/אזרח [h249] • dwelling/משכן [h4908] • cloud/ענן [h6051] • cover/כסה [h3680] • appearance of fire/מראה אש [h4758] • dwell/שכן [h7931] • be taken up / ascend/עלה [h5927] • journey/נסע [h5265] • encamp/חנה [h2583] • mouth/פה [h6310] • watch/משמרת [h4931]

Aleph/Tau × 12 occurrences (8 intra-merism • 4 suffixed) • Three sections: the Pesach (Passover) kept in his appointed time in the wilderness of Sinai (v.1–5); men defiled for a soul, and the second Pesach (Passover) in the second month (v.6–14); the cloud upon the dwelling, by which the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) set out and encamped (v.15–23) • על־פי יהוה (al-pi YAHUAH), “upon the mouth of YAHUAH,” occurs 7 times (v.18, 20, 23)

Where Numbers 9 Falls in Time

Numbers is not told in date order. Chapters 1–4 are dated to month 2. Chapters 7–9 step back to month 1, to the day the dwelling was raised. Chapters 5, 6 and 8 carry no date. Numbers 9 then carries the story forward to the departure in chapter 10. Rows in bold are told in Numbers 9.

Aleph/Tau Annotation Key

[/Vav], [Zayin/] etc. — grayed; the Hebrew prefix or suffix letter. Silent, not read aloud.

[at] — plain black italics; an English word not present in the Hebrew. Silent parenthetical.

Prefixes rendered throughout: ו and • ב in / by • ל to / for • מ from • כ as / according to • ה the. Suffixes: ו his / him • ה her • ם their / them • ך you / your • י my / me.

[Numbers 9:1–23 — Retranslation from the Hebrew]

The Pesach (Passover) in His Appointed Time (v.1–5)

1 And YAHUAH [h3068] spoke [h1696] to [h413] Moshe (Moses) [h4872] in the wilderness [h4057] of Sinai [h5514], in the second [h8145] year [h8141] for their going out [h3318] from the land [h776] of Mitsrayim (Egypt) [h4714], in the first [h7223] month [h2320], to say [h559]:

📖 משה (Moshe, h4872) — from משה (mashah, h4871), “draw out”: “because from the water I drew him out” (Exod 2:10).

📖 סיני (Sinai, h5514) — commonly linked to סנה (seneh, h5572), “thorn bush,” the bush that burned and was not consumed at the mountain of Alahym (Exod 3:2). The derivation is debated.

📖 מצרים (Mitsrayim, h4714) — a dual form, “the two straits,” commonly linked to מצר (metsar), “distress, narrow place” (Ps 118:5). The derivation is debated.

📖 בשנה השנית לצאתם (bashanah hashenit letseitam) — “in the second year for their going out” (ל (lamed, for) + צאת (tseit, going out) + ם (mem, their)); בחדש הראשון (bachodesh harishon) — “in the first month.” This speech is dated one month before Num 1:1, which is “in the second month, in the second year.” The dwelling was raised on the first day of the first month of the second year (Exod 40:17).

2 “And the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478] shall do [h6213] Aleph/Tau–the Pesach (Passover) [h6453] in his appointed time [h4150].

📖 ישראל (Yisra'al, h3478) — שרה (sarah, h8280), “strive, prevail” + אל (Al): “because you have striven with Alahym and with men, and have prevailed” (Gen 32:28).

📖 הפסח (hapesach) — ה (hey, the) + פסח (pesach), from פסח (pasach, h6452), “pass over, spare”: “and I will pass over you” (Exod 12:13; also v.23, 27). KJV: “the passover.”

📖 במועדו (bemoado) — ב (bet, in) + מועד (moed) + ו (vav, his): “in his appointed time.” מועד (moed) is the word of אהל מועד (ohel moed), “tent of meeting,” from יעד (yaad, h3259), “appoint, meet.” פסח (pesach) is masculine, so “his.”

3 In the fourteenth [h702] [h6240] day [h3117] in this [h2088] month [h2320], between [h996] the evenings [h6153], you shall do [h6213] Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853] in his appointed time [h4150]; according to all [h3605] his statutes [h2708] and according to all [h3605] his judgments [h4941] you shall do [h6213] Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853].”

📖 בין הערבים (bein haarbayim) — a dual form: “between the two evenings.” KJV: “at even.” The same phrase as Exod 12:6.

📖 תעשו אתו (taasu oto) — “you shall do Aleph/Tau him” (אתו (oto): את (et) + ו (vav, him)), twice in this verse.

📖 חקתיו (chuqotayu) — “his statutes,” from חקק (chaqaq, h2710), “engrave, inscribe.” משפטיו (mishpatayu) — “his judgments.”

4 And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] spoke [h1696] to [h413] the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478], to do [h6213] the Pesach (Passover) [h6453].

5 And they did [h6213] Aleph/Tau–the Pesach (Passover) [h6453] in the first [h7223], in the fourteenth [h702] [h6240] day [h3117] to the month [h2320], between [h996] the evenings [h6153], in the wilderness [h4057] of Sinai [h5514]; according to all [h3605] that [h834] YAHUAH [h3068] commanded [h6680] Aleph/Tau–Moshe (Moses) [h4872], so [h3651] the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478] did [h6213].

📖 אהרן (Aharon, h175) — the derivation of the name is uncertain.

📖 בראשון (barishon) — “in the first.”

📖 את־משה (et-Moshe) — “Aleph/Tau–Moshe (Moses),” the only time Moshe (Moses) is marked in the chapter.

The Second Pesach (Passover), for Men Defiled for a Soul (v.6–14)

6 And there were [h1961] men [h376] who [h834] were [h1961] defiled [h2931] for a soul [h5315] of Adam [h120], and they were not [h3808] able [h3201] to do [h6213] the Pesach (Passover) [h6453] in that [h1931] day [h3117]; and they came near [h7126] to the face [h6440] of Moshe (Moses) [h4872] and to the face [h6440] of Aharon (Aaron) [h175] in that [h1931] day [h3117].

📖 ויהי אנשים (vayhi anashim) — “and there were men.”

📖 טמאים לנפש אדם (temeim lenefesh adam) — “defiled for a soul of Adam”: ל (lamed, for) + נפש (nefesh, soul), bound to אדם (adam). אדם (adam) carries no ה (hey, the), so the whole phrase is indefinite: “a soul of Adam.” The phrase means defiled by contact with a dead person, as in Num 5:2 (טמא לנפש (tame lanefesh)) and Num 19:11. KJV: “defiled by the dead body of a man.” אדם (adam) names a kind, not only a man: every man or woman in the line of Adam is an Adam, which is how there is a first man Adam and a last Adam (1 Cor 15:45). With the article, האדם (haadam) is “the Adam” (Num 8:17). Hebrew has other words for man: איש (ish, v.10, 13) and אנוש (enosh).

📖 ויקרבו (vayyiqrebu) — “and they came near,” קרב (qarab): the root of קרבן (qorban), the offering (v.7, 13).

7 And those [h1992] men [h376] said [h559] to him [h413]: “We [h587] are defiled [h2931] for a soul [h5315] of Adam [h120]. For what [h4100] should we be held back [h1639], for not [h1115] bringing near [h7126] Aleph/Tau–the offering of YAHUAH [h7133] [h3068] in his appointed time [h4150] in the midst [h8432] of the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478]?”

📖 למה נגרע (lamah nigga) — “for what should we be held back / diminished”: למה (lamah) is ל (lamed, for) + מה (mah, what), usually “why.” לבלתי הקרב (levilti haqrib) — “for not bringing near.” גרע (gara). The same verb as the daughters of Tselophchad (Zelophehad): למה יגרע שם־אבינו (lamah yiggara shem-avinu), “for what should the name of our father be diminished” (Num 27:4).

📖 את־קרבן יהוה (et-qorban YAHUAH) — “Aleph/Tau–the offering of YAHUAH.” קרבן (qorban), from קרב (qarab): “that which is brought near.”

8 And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] said [h559] to them [h413]: “Stand [h5975], and I will hear [h8085] what [h4100] YAHUAH [h3068] will command [h6680] for you.”

📖 עמדו ואשמעה (imdu veeshmeah) — “stand, and I will hear”: Moshe (Moses) does not answer from himself but waits to hear what YAHUAH will command.

9 And YAHUAH [h3068] spoke [h1696] to [h413] Moshe (Moses) [h4872], to say [h559]:

10 “Speak [h1696] to [h413] the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478], to say [h559]: Any man [h376] [h376] when [h3588] he is [h1961] defiled [h2931] for a soul [h5315], or [h176] in a far [h7350] way [h1870], for you or [h176] for your generations [h1755], and he shall do [h6213] Pesach (Passover) [h6453] to YAHUAH [h3068].

📖 איש איש (ish ish) — literally “a man, a man”: any man.

📖 בדרך רחקה (bederekh rechoqah) — “on a far way.” In the Masoretic text the ה (hey) of רחקה (rechoqah) carries a dot above the letter (puncta extraordinaria), one of the dotted places in the Torah.

📖 לדרתיכם (ledorotekhem) — ל (lamed, for) + דרות (dorot, generations) + כם (khem, your).

11 In the second [h8145] month [h2320], in the fourteenth [h702] [h6240] day [h3117], between [h996] the evenings [h6153], they shall do [h6213] Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853]; upon [h5921] unleavened bread [h4682] and bitter herbs [h4844] they shall eat [h398] him.

📖 בחדש השני (bachodesh hasheni) — “in the second month”: one month after v.3, the same day and hour.

📖 על־מצות ומררים יאכלהו (al-matsot umerorim yokhluhu) — “upon unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat him,” as in Exod 12:8. מררים (merorim) is from מרר (marar), “be bitter”: the root of Merari and of the bitter waters of Num 5.

12 They shall not [h3808] leave [h7604] from him [h4480] until [h5704] morning [h1242], and a bone [h6106] they shall not [h3808] break [h7665] in him; according to all [h3605] the statute [h2708] of the Pesach (Passover) [h6453] they shall do [h6213] Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853].

📖 ועצם לא ישברו־בו (veetsem lo yishberu-bo) — “and a bone they shall not break in him.” Compare Exod 12:46 (ועצם לא תשברו־בו (veetsem lo tishberu-bo)), Ps 34:20, and John 19:36.

13 And the man [h376] who [h834] is [h1931] clean [h2889], and in a way [h1870] was [h1961] not [h3808], and refrains [h2308] to do [h6213] the Pesach (Passover) [h6453], and that [h1931] soul [h5315] shall be cut off [h3772] from her peoples [h5971]; because [h3588] the offering [h7133] of YAHUAH [h3068] he did not [h3808] bring near [h7126] in his appointed time [h4150], his sin [h2399] that [h1931] man [h376] shall bear [h5375].

📖 אשר־הוא טהור (asher-hu tahor) — “who is clean”: הוא (hu, he) stands as the verb “is.” ובדרך לא־היה (uvaderekh lo-hayah) — “and in a way was not.” וחדל (vechadal) — “and refrains, ceases.” לעשות (laasot) — “to do.”

📖 ונכרתה הנפש ההוא מעמיה (venikhretah hanefesh hahi meammeha) — “and that soul shall be cut off from her peoples”: נפש (nefesh) is feminine, so “her.” כרת (karat) is also the verb of cutting a covenant (Gen 15:18).

📖 חטאו ישא (chetao yissa) — “his sin he shall bear,” נשא (nasa): the verb of ישא יהוה פניו (yissa YAHUAH panayu), “YAHUAH lift up his face,” in Num 6:26.

14 And when [h3588] a sojourner [h1616] sojourns [h1481] with you [h854], and he shall do [h6213] Pesach (Passover) [h6453] to YAHUAH [h3068]: according to the statute [h2708] of the Pesach (Passover) [h6453] and according to his judgment [h4941], so [h3651] he shall do [h6213]. One [h259] statute [h2708] shall be [h1961] for you, and for the sojourner [h1616], and for the native [h249] of the land [h776].”

📖 יגור … גר (yagur … ger) — “sojourns … sojourner,” one root, גור (gur).

📖 אתכם (itkhem) — “with you” (h854), the preposition, not the Aleph/Tau marker.

📖 חקה אחת (chuqqah achat) — “one statute”; compare תורה אחת (torah achat), “one law,” for the native and the sojourner at the first Pesach (Passover), in Exod 12:49. אזרח הארץ (ezrach haarets) — “native of the land.”

The Cloud upon the Dwelling (v.15–23)

15 And in the day [h3117] of raising up [h6965] Aleph/Tau–the dwelling [h4908], the cloud [h6051] covered [h3680] Aleph/Tau–the dwelling [h4908], to the tent [h168] of the testimony [h5715]; and in the evening [h6153] there was [h1961] upon [h5921] the dwelling [h4908] as the appearance [h4758] of fire [h784] until [h5704] morning [h1242].

📖 וביום הקים את־המשכן (uvyom haqim et-hamishkan) — “and in the day of raising up Aleph/Tau–the dwelling”: the day of Exod 40:17, when ויכס הענן את־אהל מועד (vayekhas heanan et-ohel moed), “the cloud covered the tent of meeting” (Exod 40:34).

📖 לאהל העדת (leohel haedut) — “to the tent of the testimony.” כמראה־אש (kemareh-esh) — “as the appearance of fire.” משכן (mishkan) — “dwelling,” from שכן (shakan), “dwell”; KJV: “tabernacle.”

16 So [h3651] there was [h1961] continually [h8548]: the cloud [h6051] covered [h3680] him, and the appearance [h4758] of fire [h784] [by] night [h3915].

📖 תמיד (tamid) — “continually”: the word of the lamp kept burning continually (Lev 24:2). יכסנו (yekhassenu) — “covered him”: נו (nun-vav, him), the dwelling (משכן (mishkan), masculine).

17 And to the mouth [h6310] of the being taken up [h5927] of the cloud [h6051] from upon [h5921] the tent [h168], and after [h310] that [h3651], the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478] would set out [h5265]; and in the place [h4725] where [h834] the cloud [h6051] would dwell [h7931] there [h8033], there [h8033] the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478] would encamp [h2583].

📖 ולפי העלת הענן (ulefi heaalot heanan) — “and to the mouth of the being taken up of the cloud.” לפי (lefi) is ל (lamed) + פי (pi, mouth of), the same noun as על־פי יהוה (al-pi YAHUAH, v.18). העלת (heaalot) is from עלה (alah), “ascend”: the root of the ascending-offering and of בהעלתך (behaalotekha), “in your causing to ascend” the lamps (Num 8:2).

📖 ישכן (yishkon) — “would dwell,” שכן (shakan): the root of משכן (mishkan), the dwelling. יחנו (yachanu) — “would encamp,” חנה (chanah).

18 Upon [h5921] the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478] would set out [h5265], and upon [h5921] the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] they would encamp [h2583]; all [h3605] the days [h3117] that [h834] the cloud [h6051] would dwell [h7931] upon [h5921] the dwelling [h4908] they would encamp [h2583].

📖 על־פי יהוה (al-pi YAHUAH) — “upon the mouth of YAHUAH”: על (al, upon) + פי (pi, mouth of). KJV: “at the commandment of the LORD.” Twice here, twice in v.20, and three times in v.23: seven times in the chapter.

19 And in the lengthening [h748] of the cloud [h6051] upon [h5921] the dwelling [h4908] many [h7227] days [h3117], and the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478] kept [h8104] Aleph/Tau–the watch of YAHUAH [h4931] [h3068], and did not [h3808] set out [h5265].

📖 ובהאריך (uvhaarikh) — “and in the lengthening,” ארך (arakh), “be long”: the root of ארך אפים (erekh appayim), “long of nostrils,” slow to anger (Exod 34:6).

📖 ושמרו … את־משמרת יהוה (veshameru … et-mishmeret YAHUAH) — “and they kept Aleph/Tau–the watch of YAHUAH”: שמר (shamar) and משמרת (mishmeret) are one root. משמרת (mishmeret) is what is kept or guarded, a watch or a post; KJV: “charge.” Compare לשמר משמרת (lishmor mishmeret), “to keep the watch,” in Num 8:26.

20 And there is [h3426] when [h834] the cloud [h6051] would be [h1961] a number [h4557] of days [h3117] upon [h5921] the dwelling [h4908]: upon [h5921] the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] they would encamp [h2583], and upon [h5921] the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] they would set out [h5265].

📖 ויש אשר (veyesh asher) — “and there is when.” ימים מספר (yamim mispar) — literally “days of number”: a few days.

21 And there is [h3426] when [h834] the cloud [h6051] would be [h1961] from evening [h6153] until [h5704] morning [h1242]; and the cloud [h6051] was taken up [h5927] in the morning [h1242], and they set out [h5265]; or [h176] by day [h3119] and night [h3915], and the cloud [h6051] was taken up [h5927], and they set out [h5265].

📖 יומם ולילה (yomam valaylah) — “by day and night.” ונעלה (veneelah) — “and was taken up” (Niphal of עלה (alah)), twice in this verse.

22 Whether [h176] days [h3117], or [h176] a month [h2320], or [h176] days [h3117], in the lengthening [h748] of the cloud [h6051] upon [h5921] the dwelling [h4908] to dwell [h7931] upon him [h5921], the sons [h1121] of Yisra'al (Israel) [h3478] would encamp [h2583] and would not [h3808] set out [h5265]; and in his being taken up [h5927] they would set out [h5265].

📖 או־ימים או־חדש או־ימים (o-yamim o-chodesh o-yamim) — “whether days, or a month, or days.” KJV: “two days, or a month, or a year.” ימים (yamim), “days,” can stand for a full year, as in Lev 25:29.

📖 ובהעלתו (uvehealoto) — “and in his being taken up”: ו (vav, his), the cloud (ענן (anan), masculine).

23 Upon [h5921] the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] they would encamp [h2583], and upon [h5921] the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] they would set out [h5265]; Aleph/Tau–the watch of YAHUAH [h4931] [h3068] they kept [h8104], upon [h5921] the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] by the hand [h3027] of Moshe (Moses) [h4872].

📖 ביד־משה (beyad-Moshe) — “by the hand of Moshe (Moses).” The chapter closes with על־פי יהוה (al-pi YAHUAH) three times in one verse.

Appendix — Aleph/Tau Occurrences in Numbers 9

12 Aleph/Tau-family tokens: 8 intra-merism, 4 suffixed. The Pesach (Passover) is marked “Aleph/Tau–the Pesach (Passover)” twice and “Aleph/Tau him” four times; the dwelling twice; the watch of YAHUAH twice. None in v.1, 4, 6, 8–10, 13, 14, 16–18, 20–22. Not annotated: אתכם (v.14; “with you,” h854).

Discussion

Text: retranslated from the Hebrew and Greek, with Strong's numbers.

1. The Pesach (Passover) • 2. Defiled for a Soul of Adam • 3. The Cloud • 4. The Tent and the Dwelling • 5. Upon the Mouth of YAHUAH • 6. The Watch

1. The Pesach (Passover) ↑ top

1.1 Exod 12:1–11 • 1.2 2 Chr 30:17–20 • 1.3 Ps 34:19–20 • 1.4 Isa 56:3–7 • 1.5 Luke 22:7–16 • 1.6 John 19:31–37 • 1.7 1 Cor 5:6–8 • 1.8 Eph 2:11–19

1.1 Exod 12:1–11 — This Month Shall Be to You the Head of Months

Context: In the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt) YAHUAH gives Moshe (Moses) and Aharon (Aaron) the first Pesach (Passover): a lamb taken on the tenth, kept until the fourteenth, slaughtered between the evenings, and eaten in haste.

Link to Numbers 9: בין הערבים (bein haarbayim), “between the evenings” (v.6), the hour of Num 9:3, 5, 11. על־מצות ומררים יאכלהו (al-matsot umerorim yokhluhu), “upon unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat him” (v.8): the words of Num 9:11.

1 And YAHUAH [h3068] said to Moshe (Moses) [h4872] and to Aharon (Aaron) in the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt), to say: 2 This month [is] for you head of months; first he [is] for you to the months of the year. 3 Speak to all the congregation of Yisra'al (Israel), to say: In the tenth to this month, and they shall take for them, a man, a lamb [h7716] for the house of fathers, a lamb [h7716] for the house. 4 And if the house is little from being from a lamb [h7716], and he and his neighbor, the near [one] to his house, shall take in the count of souls [h5315]; a man to the mouth [h6310] of his eating, you shall count upon the lamb [h7716]. 5 A lamb [h7716] complete, a male, one year old, shall be for you; from the sheep and from the goats you shall take. 6 And he shall be for you for a watch [h4931] until the fourteenth day to this month; and they shall slaughter Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853], all the assembly of the congregation of Yisra'al (Israel), between the evenings [h6153]. 7 And they shall take from the blood [h1818], and they shall put upon the two doorposts and upon the lintel, upon the houses which they shall eat Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853] in them. 8 And they shall eat Aleph/Tau–the flesh in this night, roasted of fire [h784]; and unleavened bread [h4682] upon bitter herbs [h4844] they shall eat him. 9 Do not eat from him raw, and boiled, being boiled in water; but rather roasted of fire [h784], his head upon his legs and upon his inward parts. 10 And you shall not leave remaining from him until morning; and the remainder from him until morning, in the fire [h784] you shall burn. 11 And thus you shall eat Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853]: your loins girded, your sandals in your feet, and your staff in your hand [h3027]; and you shall eat Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853] in haste. Pesach (Passover) [h6453] he [is] to YAHUAH [h3068].

1.2 2 Chr 30:17–20 — YAHUAH the Good Make Atonement

Context: Many in the assembly had not cleansed themselves and ate the Pesach (Passover) not as written; Hizqiyahu (Hezekiah) prays for them.

Link to Numbers 9: יהוה הטוב יכפר בעד (YAHUAH hatov yekhapper bead), “YAHUAH the good make atonement for” (v.18); וירפא את־העם (vayirpa et-haam), “and he healed Aleph/Tau–the people” (v.20).

17 For many [were] in the assembly who had not sanctified themselves; and the Levi'im (Levites) [were] upon the slaughtering of the Pesachs (Passovers) [h6453] for all [who were] not clean, to sanctify to YAHUAH [h3068]. 18 For a multitude of the people, many from Ephrayim (Ephraim) and Menasheh (Manasseh), Yissakhar (Issachar) and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves [h2891]; for they ate Aleph/Tau–the Pesach (Passover) [h6453] in not as written. For Hizqiyahu (Hezekiah) prayed upon them, to say: YAHUAH [h3068], the good [one], will make atonement [h3722] in behalf of 19 every [one who] has prepared his heart to seek the Alahym, YAHUAH [h3068] Alahym of his fathers, and not according to the cleansing of the sanctity. 20 And YAHUAH [h3068] listened to Hizqiyahu (Hezekiah), and healed Aleph/Tau–the people.

1.3 Ps 34:19–20 — He Keeps All His Bones

Context: Dawid (David) praises YAHUAH, who is near the broken of heart and delivers the righteous from all his evils.

Link to Numbers 9: שמר כל־עצמותיו (shomer kol-atsmotayu), “keeping all his bones”: שמר (shamar), the root of “watch.” אחת מהנה לא נשברה (achat mehennah lo nishbarah), “one from them is not broken.” Hebrew verses 20–21.

19 Many [are] evils of a righteous one, and from all of them YAHUAH [h3068] will deliver him. 20 Keeping [h8104] all his bones [h6106]; one from them was not broken [h7665].

1.4 Isa 56:3–7 — A House of Prayer for All Peoples

Context: YAHUAH speaks to the son of the foreigner and the eunuch who hold fast his covenant and keep his sabbaths.

Link to Numbers 9: בני הנכר הנלוים על־יהוה (benei hanekhar hanilvim al-YAHUAH), “the sons of the foreigner joined upon YAHUAH” (v.6): לוה (lavah), “join,” the root of Levi. בית־תפלה יקרא לכל־העמים (beit-tefillah yiqqare lekhol-haammim), “a house of prayer shall be called for all the peoples” (v.7).

3 And let not the son of the foreigner, the one joining himself to YAHUAH [h3068], say, to say: Dividing, YAHUAH [h3068] will divide me from upon his people. And let not the eunuch say: Behold, I [am] a dry tree. 4 For thus said YAHUAH [h3068] to eunuchs who keep [h8104] Aleph/Tau–my sabbaths, and choose in what I have delighted, and holding fast in my covenant: 5 And I will give to them, in my house and in my walls, a hand [h3027] and a name good more than sons and more than daughters; a name of eternity I will give to him, which shall not be cut off [h3772]. 6 And the sons of the foreigner, the ones joining themselves upon YAHUAH [h3068] to serve him, and to love Aleph/Tau–the name of YAHUAH [h3068], to be to him for servants—every [one] keeping [h8104] a sabbath from profaning him, and holding fast in my covenant— 7 and I will bring them to the mountain of my sanctity, and I will make them rejoice in the house of my prayer; their ascending-offerings and their sacrifices [shall be] for acceptance upon my altar; for my house, a house of prayer he shall be called for all the peoples.

1.5 Luke 22:7–16 — With Desire I Have Desired to Eat This Pesach (Passover)

Context: On the day of unleavened bread when the Pesach (Passover) must be sacrificed, Yahusha (Jesus) sends Petros (Peter) and Yochanan (John) to prepare, and sits down with the sent ones.

Link to Numbers 9: ἐπιθυμίᾳ ἐπεθύμησα τοῦτο τὸ πάσχα φαγεῖν (epithymia epethymesa touto to pascha phagein), “with desire I have desired to eat this Pesach (Passover)” (v.15): πάσχα (pascha) is the Greek form of פסח (pesach).

7 And the day of the unleavened [bread] came, in which the Pesach (Passover) [G3957] had to be sacrificed. 8 And he sent Petros (Peter) and Yochanan (John), having said: Having gone, prepare for us the Pesach (Passover) [G3957], so that we may eat. 9 And they said to him: Where do you want [that] we should prepare? 10 And he said to them: Behold, you having entered into the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you; follow him into the house into which he goes in. 11 And you shall say to the householder of the house: The teacher says to you: Where is the guest room where I may eat the Pesach (Passover) [G3957] with my disciples? 12 And that one will show you a large upper room, spread; there prepare. 13 And having gone away, they found just as he had said to them, and they prepared the Pesach (Passover) [G3957]. 14 And when the hour came to be, he reclined, and the apostles with him. 15 And he said to them: With desire I have desired to eat this Pesach (Passover) [G3957] with you before I suffer; 16 for I say to you that I will never eat the same until [the time] that [the same] is fulfilled in the kingdom of god.

1.6 John 19:31–37 — A Bone of Him Shall Not Be Broken

Context: On the preparation, the soldiers break the legs of the two crucified with Yahusha (Jesus); finding him already dead, they do not break his legs, and one pierces his side.

Link to Numbers 9: Ὀστοῦν οὐ συντριβήσεται αὐτοῦ (Ostoun ou syntribesetai autou), “a bone of him shall not be broken” (v.36): Exod 12:46, Num 9:12, Ps 34:20. V.37 quotes Zech 12:10.

31 The Yehudim (Jews) therefore, since there was preparation, so that the bodies should not remain upon the cross in the sabbath—for great was the day of that sabbath—asked Pilatos (Pilate) that their legs be broken and they be taken away. 32 The soldiers therefore came, and broke the legs of the first indeed, and of the other crucified with him. 33 But having come upon Yahusha (Jesus) [G2424], as they saw him already having died, they did not break his legs; 34 but one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and immediately there came out blood and water. 35 And the one having seen has testified, and true is his testimony, and that one knows that he says true things, so that you also may believe. 36 For these things came to be so that the Scripture might be fulfilled: A bone [G3747] of him shall not be broken [G4937]. 37 And again another Scripture says: They shall look to [him] whom they pierced.

1.7 1 Cor 5:6–8 — Our Pesach (Passover) Was Sacrificed

Context: Paul rebukes the assembly in Korinthos (Corinth) for boasting while sin is left among them: a little leaven leavens the whole lump.

Link to Numbers 9: τὸ πάσχα ἡμῶν ἐτύθη Χριστός (to pascha hemon etythe Christos), “our Pesach (Passover) was sacrificed, Messiah” (v.7). “Let us keep the feast” with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth (v.8).

6 Not good [is] your boasting. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? 7 Cleanse out the old leaven, so that you may be a new lump, just as you are unleavened. For also our Pesach (Passover) [G3957], Messiah [G5547], was sacrificed. 8 So let us keep the feast, not in old leaven, nor in leaven of malice and wickedness, but in unleavened [loaves] of sincerity and truth.

1.8 Eph 2:11–19 — No Longer Strangers and Sojourners

Context: Paul reminds the nations in the flesh that they were once without Messiah, aliens from the commonwealth of Yisra'al (Israel), and are now brought near by his blood.

Link to Numbers 9: οὐκέτι ἐστὲ ξένοι καὶ πάροικοι (ouketi este xenoi kai paroikoi), “you are no longer strangers and sojourners” (v.19): the גר (ger) of Num 9:14 made a fellow citizen.

11 Therefore remember that once you, the nations in flesh, those called foreskin by what is called circumcision in flesh made by hand— 12 that you were at that time apart from Messiah [G5547], having been alienated from the citizenship of Yisra'al (Israel), and strangers [G3581] of the covenants of the promise, not having hope, and without god in the world. 13 But now in Messiah [G5547] Yahusha (Jesus) [G2424] you who once were far off have become near in the blood of the Messiah [G5547]. 14 For he is our peace, the one having made both one, and having loosed the middle wall of the fence, the enmity, in his flesh, 15 having made inoperative the law of the commandments in decrees, so that he might create the two in himself into one new man, making peace, 16 and might reconcile both in one body to god through the cross, having killed the enmity in him. 17 And having come, he announced good news of peace to you, the ones far off, and peace to the ones near; 18 because through him we both have the access in one spirit to the Father. 19 So therefore you are no longer strangers [G3581] and sojourners [G3941], but you are fellow citizens of the sanctified and members of the household of god.

2. Defiled for a Soul of Adam ↑ top

2.1 Num 5:1–4 • 2.2 Num 6:6–12 • 2.3 Num 19:11–13 • 2.4 Lev 21:1–4 • 2.5 Hag 2:11–14 • 2.6 2 Kgs 5:1–27 • 2.7 Mark 1:40–45 • 2.8 Heb 9:1–14

2.1 Num 5:1–4 — Sent Out of the Camp

Context: YAHUAH commands that every leper, everyone with a discharge, and everyone defiled for a soul be sent out of the camp, so that they do not defile the camp in whose midst he dwells.

Link to Numbers 9: וכל טמא לנפש (vekhol tame lanafesh), “and everyone defiled for a soul” (v.2); אשר אני שכן בתוכם (asher ani shokhen betokham), “in whose midst I dwell” (v.3): the שכן (shakan) of Num 9:17–22.

1 And YAHUAH [h3068] spoke to Moshe (Moses) [h4872], to say: 2 Command Aleph/Tau–the sons of Yisra'al (Israel), and they shall send from the camp every leper [h6879], and every one flowing, and every one defiled [h2931] for a soul [h5315]. 3 From male until female you shall send; to from outside to the camp you shall send them; and they shall not defile [h2930] Aleph/Tau–their camps, which I am dwelling [h7931] in their midst. 4 And the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) did so, and they sent Aleph/Tau them [/Mem] [h853] to from outside to the camp; according to what YAHUAH [h3068] spoke to Moshe (Moses) [h4872], so the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) did.

2.2 Num 6:6–12 — The Head of His Crown Defiled

Context: All the days of his separation the Nazir shall not come upon a dead soul, not even for his father, mother, brother or sister; if someone dies suddenly beside him, he shaves his head on the seventh day, brings his offerings, and begins again.

Link to Numbers 9: על־נפש מת לא יבא (al-nefesh met lo yavo), “upon a dead soul he shall not come” (v.6). והימים הראשנים יפלו (vehayamim harishonim yippelu), “and the first days shall fall” (v.12): he starts over, as the men defiled for a soul in Num 9 keep the Pesach (Passover) a month later.

6 All the days of his separating [h5144] to YAHUAH [h3068], upon a dead [h4191] soul [h5315] he shall not come. 7 To his father, and to his mother, to his brother, and to his sister, he shall not defile himself [h2930] for them in their death; for the crown [h5145] of his Alahym upon his head. 8 All the days of his crown [h5145] he is sanctified to YAHUAH [h3068]. 9 And when one dying [h4191] dies [h4191] upon him in an instant suddenly, and he defiles [h2930] the head of his crown [h5145], and he shall shave [h1548] his head in the day of his cleansing; in the seventh day he shall shave him [h1548]. 10 And in the eighth day he shall bring two turtledoves, or two sons of a dove, to the priest, to the opening of the tent [h168] of meeting [h4150]. 11 And the priest shall make one for a sin-offering, and one for an ascending-offering, and make atonement [h3722] upon him, from what he sinned upon the soul [h5315]; and he shall sanctify Aleph/Tau–his head in that day. 12 And he shall separate [h5144] to YAHUAH [h3068] Aleph/Tau–the days of his crown [h5145], and he shall bring a lamb one year old for a guilt-offering; and the first days shall fall, for his crown [h5145] was defiled [h2930].

2.3 Num 19:11–13 — Defiled for a Soul of Adam Seven Days

Context: In the law of the red heifer, the one who touches the dead is defiled seven days and must be cleansed on the third day and the seventh.

Link to Numbers 9: לכל־נפש אדם (lekhol-nefesh adam), “for any soul of Adam” (v.11): the same phrase as Num 9:6–7. ונכרתה הנפש ההוא (venikhretah hanefesh hahi), “and that soul shall be cut off” (v.13), as in Num 9:13.

11 The one touching [h5060] in the dead [h4191], for every soul [h5315] of Adam [h120], and he shall be defiled [h2930] seven days. 12 He shall purge himself in him in the third day and in the seventh day he shall be clean [h2891]; and if he does not purge himself in the third day and in the seventh day, he shall not be clean [h2891]. 13 All the one touching [h5060] in the dead [h4191], in the soul [h5315] of the Adam [h120] who dies [h4191], and does not purge himself, Aleph/Tau–the dwelling [h4908] of YAHUAH [h3068] he has defiled [h2930]; and that soul [h5315] shall be cut off [h3772] from Yisra'al (Israel); for waters of impurity were not sprinkled upon him, defiled [h2931] he shall be; still his defilement [is] in him.

2.4 Lev 21:1–4 — For a Soul He Shall Not Be Defiled

Context: The sons of Aharon (Aaron) may not defile themselves for the dead among their peoples, except for their nearest kin.

Link to Numbers 9: לנפש לא־יטמא בעמיו (lenefesh lo-yittamma beammayu), “for a soul he shall not be defiled among his peoples” (v.1). The high priest: ועל כל־נפשת מת לא יבא (veal kol-nafshot met lo yavo), “and upon any dead souls he shall not come” (Lev 21:11).

1 And YAHUAH [h3068] said to Moshe (Moses) [h4872]: Say to the priests, the sons of Aharon (Aaron), and you shall say to them: For a soul [h5315] he shall not defile himself [h2930] in his peoples, 2 but rather for his flesh, the near to him: for his mother, and for his father, and for his son, and for his daughter, and for his brother, 3 and for his sister, the virgin, the near to him, who has not been to a man; for her he shall defile himself [h2930]. 4 He shall not defile himself [h2930], a master in his peoples, to profane himself.

2.5 Hag 2:11–14 — Sanctity Does Not Pass On; Defilement Does

Context: Chaggai (Haggai) asks the priests for a ruling: sanctified flesh carried in the skirt of a garment does not sanctify the food the skirt touches, but one defiled of soul defiles whatever he touches. So is this people.

Link to Numbers 9: טמא־נפש (tame-nefesh), “one defiled of soul” (v.13): the defilement of Num 9:6–10.

11 Thus said YAHUAH [h3068] of hosts: Ask, please, Aleph/Tau–the priests a law, to say: 12 Behold, a man lifts flesh of sanctity in the wing of his garment, and touches [h5060] in his wing to the bread, and to the stew, and to the wine, and to oil, and to all food: shall he be sanctified? And the priests answered, and said: No. 13 And Chaggai (Haggai) said: If one defiled [h2931] of soul [h5315] touches [h5060] in all these, shall he be defiled [h2930]? And the priests answered, and said: He shall be defiled [h2930]. 14 And Chaggai (Haggai) answered, and said: So this people, and so this nation, to my face, declares YAHUAH [h3068], and so all the work of their hands [h3027]; and what they bring near [h7126] there, he is defiled [h2931].

2.6 2 Kgs 5:1–27 — The Leprosy of Na'aman: Cleansed, and Taken by Gechazi (Gehazi)

Context: A captive young woman from Yisra'al (Israel) tells her mistress of the prophet in Shomeron (Samaria); Na'aman, captain of the host of the king of Aram (Syria), a mighty man of valor and a leper, comes to Elisha; told to wash seven times in the Yarden (Jordan), he is cleansed, confesses YAHUAH, and offers a gift that Elisha refuses. Gechazi (Gehazi), Elisha's lad, runs after him and takes silver and garments.

Link to Numbers 9: וישב בשרו כבשר נער קטן ויטהר (vayyashob besaro kivsar naar qaton vayyithar), “and his flesh returned as flesh of a little lad, and he was clean” (v.14); אין אלהים בכל־הארץ כי אם־בישראל (ein Alahym bekhol-haarets ki im-beYisrael), “there is no Alahym in all the earth but in Yisra'al (Israel)” (v.15); וצרעת נעמן תדבק בך (vetsaraat Naaman tidbaq bekha), “and the leprosy of Na'aman shall cleave in you” (v.27). The leper (צרוע (tsarua)) is sent out of the camp with the one defiled for a soul (Num 5:2).

1 And Na'aman, captain of the host of the king of Aram (Syria), was a great man to the face of his lord, and lifted up of face, because in him YAHUAH [h3068] gave deliverance to Aram (Syria); and the man was a mighty one of valor, leprous [h6879]. 2 And Aram (Syria) went out troops, and took captive from the land of Yisra'al (Israel) a little young woman; and she was to the face of the wife of Na'aman. 3 And she said to her mistress: O that my lord were to the face of the prophet who is in Shomeron (Samaria)! Then he would gather Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853] from his leprosy [h6883]. 4 And he came and told to his lord, to say: As cut from [Zayin/] Aleph/Tau [h2063] and as cut from [Zayin/] Aleph/Tau [h2063] the young woman who is from the land of Yisra'al (Israel) spoke. 5 And the king of Aram (Syria) said: Go, come, and I will send a scroll to the king of Yisra'al (Israel). And he went, and took in his hand [h3027] ten talents of silver, and six thousand of gold, and ten changes of garments. 6 And he brought the scroll to the king of Yisra'al (Israel), to say: And now, as the coming of this scroll to you, behold, I have sent to you Aleph/Tau–Na'aman my servant, and you shall gather him from his leprosy [h6883]. 7 And there was, as the king of Yisra'al (Israel) read Aleph/Tau–the scroll, and he tore his garments, and said: Am I Alahym, to cause to die [h4191] and to cause to live, that this one sends to me to gather a man from his leprosy [h6883]? For only know, please, and see that he is seeking an occasion to me. 8 And there was, as Elisha, the man of the Alahym, heard that the king of Yisra'al (Israel) had torn Aleph/Tau–his garments, and he sent to the king, to say: For what have you torn your garments? Let him come, please, to me, and he shall know that there is a prophet in Yisra'al (Israel). 9 And Na'aman came by his horses and by his chariot, and stood the opening of the house to Elisha. 10 And Elisha sent to him a messenger, to say: Go, and you shall wash [h7364] seven times in the Yarden (Jordan), and your flesh shall return to you, and be clean [h2891]. 11 And Na'aman was furious, and went, and said: Behold, I said: To me he will come out, coming out, and he will stand, and call in the name of YAHUAH [h3068] his Alahym, and wave his hand [h3027] to the place, and gather the leprous one [h6879]. 12 Are not Abanah (Abana) and Parpar (Pharpar), rivers of Dammeseq (Damascus), good from all the waters of Yisra'al (Israel)? Shall I not wash [h7364] in them, and be clean [h2891]? And he turned, and went in fury. 13 And his servants came near, and spoke to him, and said: My father, a great word the prophet spoke to you; would you not do? And how much more, when he said to you: Wash [h7364], and be clean [h2891]. 14 And he went down, and dipped [h2881] in the Yarden (Jordan) seven times, according to the word of the man of the Alahym; and his flesh returned as flesh of a little lad, and he was clean [h2891]. 15 And he returned to the man of the Alahym, he and all his camp, and came and stood to his face, and said: Behold, please, I know that there is no Alahym in all the earth, but in Yisra'al (Israel). And now, take, please, a blessing from with your servant. 16 And he said: As YAHUAH [h3068] lives, who I have stood to his face, if I take! And he pressed in him to take, and he refused. 17 And Na'aman said: And not: let there be given, please, to your servant a load of a pair of mules of earth; for your servant will not do any more ascending-offering and sacrifice to other gods, but to YAHUAH [h3068]. 18 For this thing may YAHUAH [h3068] pardon to your servant: in the coming of my lord to the house of Rimmon to bow down there, and he leans upon my hand [h3027], and I bow down the house of Rimmon; in my bowing down the house of Rimmon, may YAHUAH [h3068] pardon, please, to your servant in this thing. 19 And he said to him: Go for peace. And he went from with him a stretch of land. 20 And Gechazi (Gehazi), the lad of Elisha, the man of the Alahym, said: Behold, my lord has spared Aleph/Tau–Na'aman, this Aramean, from taking from his hand [h3027] Aleph/Tau [h853] what he brought. As YAHUAH [h3068] lives, but rather I will run after him, and I will take from with him something. 21 And Gechazi (Gehazi) pursued after Na'aman; and Na'aman saw one running after him, and he fell from upon the chariot to meet him, and said: Peace? 22 And he said: Peace. My lord sent me, to say: Behold, now this: two lads came to me from the mountain of Ephrayim (Ephraim), from the sons of the prophets. Give, please, to them a talent of silver, and two changes of garments. 23 And Na'aman said: Be pleased; take two talents. And he pressed in him, and bound two talents of silver in two bags, and two changes of garments, and gave to two of his lads; and they lifted to his face. 24 And he came to the hill, and took from their hand [h3027], and deposited in the house; and he sent away Aleph/Tau–the men, and they went. 25 And he came, and stood to his lord. And Elisha said to him: From where, Gechazi (Gehazi)? And he said: Your servant did not go here and there. 26 And he said to him: Did not my heart go, as when a man turned from upon his chariot to meet you? The time to take Aleph/Tau–the silver, and to take garments, and olives, and vineyards, and flock, and herd, and servants, and maidservants? 27 And the leprosy [h6883] of Na'aman shall cleave in you, and in your seed, forever. And he went out from to his face, leprous [h6879] as the snow.

2.7 Mark 1:40–45 — He Stretched Out His Hand and Touched Him

Context: Early in Yahusha's (Jesus's) going through the Galil (Galilee), a leper comes to him on his knees: if you will, you are able to cleanse me.

Link to Numbers 9: ἥψατο (hepsato) [G681], “he touched.” Under the law the one who touches the unclean becomes unclean (Num 19:11–13); here the leper is cleansed. Yahusha (Jesus) sends him to the priest “for a testimony to them” (v.44). The SBLGNT reads ὀργισθείς (orgistheis), “having been angered” (v.41); the KJV follows the reading σπλαγχνισθείς (splanchnistheis), “moved with compassion.”

40 And a leper [G3015] comes to him, imploring him, and kneeling, saying to him that: If you are willing, you are able to cleanse [G2511] me. 41 And having been angered, having stretched out the hand, he touched him, and says to him: I am willing; be cleansed [G2511]. 42 And immediately the leprosy [G3014] went away from him, and he was cleansed [G2511]. 43 And having sternly warned him, immediately he cast him out, 44 and says to him: See, say nothing to no one; but go, show yourself to the priest, and offer concerning your cleansing what Moshe (Moses) commanded, into a testimony to them. 45 But he, having gone out, began to proclaim much, and to spread abroad the word, so that he no longer could openly enter into a city; but he was outside, upon desolate places; and they were coming to him from everywhere.

2.8 Heb 9:1–14 — The First Tent, the Ashes of a Heifer, and the Blood of Messiah

Context: The writer describes the first covenant's tent: the lampstand and the table in the first, the ark of the covenant in the second, where the high priest went once a year, not without blood. Messiah came as high priest of a greater and more complete tent, not made with hands, and entered once by his own blood.

Link to Numbers 9: σποδὸς δαμάλεως (spodos damaleos), “ashes of a heifer,” sprinkling the ones made common: the waters of Num 19. καθαριεῖ … ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων (kathariei … apo nekron ergon), “shall cleanse … from dead works” (v.14).

1 Then indeed the first had ordinances of service, and the worldly sanctuary. 2 For a tent [G4633] was prepared, the first, in which both the lampstand, and the table, and the setting-forth of the loaves; which is called Sanctuary. 3 And after the second veil, a tent [G4633], the one called Sanctuary of Sanctuaries, 4 having a golden censer, and the ark of the covenant covered around on all sides with gold, in which a golden jar having the manna, and the staff of Aharon (Aaron) that sprouted, and the tablets of the covenant; 5 and above her, kerubim (cherubims) of glory overshadowing the covering; concerning which there is not now to speak according to part. 6 And these having been prepared thus, into indeed the first tent [G4633] the priests go in through all, accomplishing the services; 7 but into the second, once of the year, the high priest alone, not without blood, which he offers on behalf of himself and the ignorances of the people; 8 the sanctified spirit making clear this: the way of the sanctuary not yet to have been made manifest, the first tent [G4633] still having standing; 9 which a parable into the time, the one present, according to which both gifts and sacrifices are offered, not being able according to conscience to perfect the one serving, 10 only upon foods and drinks and various baptisms, ordinances of flesh lying upon until a time of setting right. 11 But Messiah [G5547], having arrived a high priest of the good things having come, through the greater and more perfect tent [G4633], not made by hands, that is, not of this creation, 12 neither through blood of he-goats and calves, but through his own blood, entered once for all into the sanctuary, having found an eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of he-goats and bulls, and ashes [G4700] of a heifer [G1151] sprinkling the ones made common [G2840], sanctifies to the cleanness of the flesh, 14 how much more the blood of the Messiah [G5547], who through an eternal spirit offered himself unblemished to god, will cleanse [G2511] our conscience from dead [G3498] works, into the serving to a living god.

3. The Cloud ↑ top

3.1 Exod 13:20–22 • 3.2 Exod 14:13–20 • 3.3 Isa 4:1–6 • 3.4 1 Cor 10:1–4 • 3.5 Heb 12:1–2

3.1 Exod 13:20–22 — A Pillar of Cloud by Day

Context: Setting out from Sukkot (Succoth), Yisra'al (Israel) encamps in Etam (Etham) at the edge of the wilderness, and YAHUAH goes before them.

Link to Numbers 9: בעמוד ענן … בעמוד אש (beamud anan … beamud esh), “in a pillar of cloud … in a pillar of fire” (v.21): the cloud by day and the appearance of fire by night of Num 9:15–16.

20 And they journeyed [h5265] from Sukkot (Succoth), and they camped [h2583] in Etam (Etham), in the edge of the wilderness [h4057]. 21 And YAHUAH [h3068] was going to their face by day in a pillar [h5982] of cloud [h6051], to lead them the way, and [by] night in a pillar [h5982] of fire [h784], to give light to them, to go by day and [by] night. 22 The pillar [h5982] of the cloud [h6051] did not depart by day, and the pillar [h5982] of the fire [h784] [by] night, to the face of the people.

3.2 Exod 14:13–20 — Stand and See the Deliverance of YAHUAH; the Cloud between the Camps

Context: At the sea, with Mitsrayim (Egypt) behind them, Moshe (Moses) tells the people to stand and see the deliverance of YAHUAH, who will fight for them; then the messenger of Alahym and the pillar of cloud move from before Yisra'al (Israel) to behind them.

Link to Numbers 9: ויהי הענן והחשך ויאר את־הלילה (vayhi heanan vehachoshekh vayaer et-halaylah): the cloud was darkness to one camp and gave light to the night for the other (v.20).

13 And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] said to the people: Do not fear; station yourselves, and see Aleph/Tau–the deliverance of YAHUAH [h3068], which he will do for you the day; for which you have seen Aleph/Tau–Mitsrayim (Egypt) the day, you shall not add to see them again until eternity. 14 YAHUAH [h3068] will fight for you, and you shall be silent. 15 And YAHUAH [h3068] said to Moshe (Moses) [h4872]: What do you cry out to me? Speak to the sons of Yisra'al (Israel), and they shall journey [h5265]. 16 And you, lift up Aleph/Tau–your staff, and stretch out Aleph/Tau–your hand [h3027] upon the sea, and split him; and the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) shall come in the midst of the sea in the dry land. 17 And I, behold me strengthening Aleph/Tau–the heart of Mitsrayim (Egypt), and they shall come after them; and I will be glorified in Par'oh (Pharaoh), and in all his force, in his chariot, and in his horsemen. 18 And Mitsrayim (Egypt) shall know that I am YAHUAH [h3068], in my being glorified in Par'oh (Pharaoh), in his chariot, and in his horsemen. 19 And the messenger of the Alahym, the one going to the face of the camp of Yisra'al (Israel), journeyed [h5265], and went from behind them; and the pillar [h5982] of the cloud [h6051] journeyed [h5265] from their face, and stood from behind them. 20 And he came between the camp of Mitsrayim (Egypt) and between the camp of Yisra'al (Israel); and there was the cloud [h6051] and the darkness, and he lit up Aleph/Tau–the night; and this did not come near [h7126] to this all the night.

3.3 Isa 4:1–6 — The Sprout of YAHUAH and a Canopy over All the Glory

Context: In that day seven women take hold of one man; the sprout of YAHUAH is beauty and glory to the escaped of Yisra'al (Israel). When Adonai has washed away the filth of the daughters of Tsiyon (Zion), YAHUAH creates a cloud and fire over mount Tsiyon (Zion) and her convocation.

Link to Numbers 9: ענן יומם ועשן ונגה אש להבה לילה (anan yomam veashan venogah esh lehavah laylah), “a cloud by day and smoke, and the brightness of a flaming fire by night” (v.5); חפה (chuppah), “canopy”, the wedding canopy; סכה (sukkah), “booth” (v.6).

1 And seven women shall take hold in one man in that day, to say: Our bread we will eat, and our garment we will wear; only let your name be called upon us; gather our reproach. 2 In that day the sprout of YAHUAH [h3068] shall be for beauty and for glory, and the fruit of the land for majesty and for splendor, for the escaped remnant of Yisra'al (Israel). 3 And there shall be: the one remaining in Tsiyon (Zion), and the one left in Yerushalayim (Jerusalem), sanctified shall be said to him, all the written for life in Yerushalayim (Jerusalem), 4 if Adonai has washed [h7364] Aleph/Tau [h853] the filth of the daughters of Tsiyon (Zion), and Aleph/Tau–the bloods [h1818] of Yerushalayim (Jerusalem) he shall rinse from her midst, by a spirit of judgment [h4941] and by a spirit of burning. 5 And YAHUAH [h3068] will create upon every dwelling place of mount Tsiyon (Zion), and upon her convocation, a cloud [h6051] by day, and smoke, and a shining of a fire [h784] of flame [by] night; for upon all glory [is] a canopy. 6 And a booth shall be for a shade by day from heat, and for a refuge, and for a hiding place from storm and from rain.

3.4 1 Cor 10:1–4 — All Were under the Cloud

Context: Paul warns the assembly from the fathers in the wilderness: all had the same signs, yet most fell.

Link to Numbers 9: ὑπὸ τὴν νεφέλην (hypo ten nephelen), “under the cloud”; “baptized into Moshe (Moses) in the cloud and in the sea” (v.2); “the rock was the Messiah” (v.4).

1 For I do not want you to be ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud [G3507], and all passed through the sea, 2 and all were baptized into Moshe (Moses) in the cloud [G3507] and in the sea, 3 and all ate the same spiritual food, 4 and all drank the same spiritual drink; for they were drinking from a spiritual rock following [them], and the rock was the Messiah [G5547].

3.5 Heb 12:1–2 — So Great a Cloud of Witnesses

Context: After the roll of the faithful in chapter 11, among them those who passed through the sea (Heb 11:29), the writer turns to the race set before us.

Link to Numbers 9: νέφος μαρτύρων (nephos martyron) [G3509], “a cloud of witnesses,” περικείμενον ἡμῖν (perikeimenon hemin), “lying around us.” νέφος (nephos) is a different word from νεφέλη (nephele), the cloud of 1 Cor 10:1–2.

1 Therefore we also, having so great a cloud [G3509] of witnesses [G3144] lying around us, having put off every weight, and the easily-entangling sin, through endurance let us run the contest lying before us, 2 looking away into the originator and perfecter of the faith, Yahusha (Jesus) [G2424], who, for the joy lying before him, endured a cross, having despised shame, and in the right of the throne of god has sat down.

4. The Tent and the Dwelling ↑ top

4.1 Exod 25:1–9 • 4.2 Exod 26:1–7 • 4.3 Exod 33:1–11 • 4.4 Exod 40:34–38 • 4.5 Num 24:5–6 • 4.6 John 1:1–14 • 4.7 Heb 8:1–6 • 4.8 2 Cor 5:1–4 • 4.9 Rev 21:2–3

4.1 Exod 25:1–9 — A Lifted-Offering, a Sanctuary, and the Pattern of the Dwelling

Context: YAHUAH tells Moshe (Moses) to take a lifted-offering from every man whose heart makes him willing: gold, silver, bronze, blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen, oil, spices and stones; from these they make a sanctuary after the pattern he will show.

Link to Numbers 9: ושכנתי בתוכם (veshakhanti betokham), “and I will dwell in their midst”: שכן (shakan) [h7931], the verb the cloud does upon the dwelling in Num 9:17, 18, 22. תבנית המשכן (tabnit hamishkan), “the pattern of the dwelling” (v.9).

1 And YAHUAH [h3068] spoke to Moshe (Moses) [h4872], to say: 2 Speak to the sons of Yisra'al (Israel), and they shall take for me a lifted-offering; from with every man who his heart makes him willing, you shall take Aleph/Tau–my lifted-offering. 3 And cut from [Zayin/] Aleph/Tau [h2063] the lifted-offering which you shall take from with them: gold, and silver, and bronze, 4 and blue, and purple, and worm of scarlet, and fine linen, and goats, 5 and skins of rams made red, and skins of tachash, and wood of shittim, 6 oil for the light, spices for the oil of the anointing, and for the incense of the fragrances, 7 stones of shoham, and stones of fillings, for the ephod, and for the breastplate. 8 And they shall make for me a sanctuary, and I will dwell [h7931] in their midst. 9 According to all that I am showing Aleph/Tau you [/Kaf] [h853], Aleph/Tau [h853] the pattern of the dwelling [h4908], extending to [Vav/] Aleph/Tau [h853] the pattern of all his vessels; and so you shall make.

4.2 Exod 26:1–7 — The Dwelling Within, the Tent Over

Context: Ten curtains of fine linen with kerubim (cherubims) worked in them are joined to make the dwelling; eleven curtains of goat hair make a tent over the dwelling.

Link to Numbers 9: ואת המשכן (veet hamishkan) (v.1) and לאהל על המשכן (leohel al hamishkan), “for a tent upon the dwelling” (v.7): the two words of Num 9:15, את־המשכן לאהל העדת (et-hamishkan leohel haedut).

1 And Aleph/Tau–the dwelling [h4908] you shall make: ten curtains of twisted fine linen, and blue, and purple, and worm of scarlet; kerubim (cherubims), the work of a designer, you shall make Aleph/Tau them [/Mem] [h853]. 2 The length of the one curtain: eight and twenty by the cubit; and the breadth of the one curtain: four by the cubit; one measure for all the curtains. 3 The five curtains shall be joined a woman to her sister, and five curtains joined a woman to her sister. 4 And you shall make loops of blue upon the lip of the one curtain, from the end in the joining; and so you shall make in the lip of the outermost curtain, in the second coupling. 5 Fifty loops you shall make in the one curtain, and fifty loops you shall make in the end of the curtain that [is] in the second coupling; the loops facing a woman to her sister. 6 And you shall make fifty clasps of gold, and join Aleph/Tau–the curtains a woman to her sister by the clasps; and the dwelling [h4908] shall be one. 7 And you shall make curtains of goats for a tent [h168] upon the dwelling [h4908]; eleven curtains you shall make Aleph/Tau them [/Mem] [h853].

4.3 Exod 33:1–11 — I Will Not Go Up in Your Midst; the Tent of Meeting outside the Camp

Context: After the golden calf, YAHUAH says he will send a messenger before them but will not go up in their midst, a hard-of-neck people; they strip off their ornaments. Before the dwelling is built, Moshe (Moses) pitches the tent outside the camp; the pillar of cloud comes down at the door, and YAHUAH speaks with Moshe (Moses) face to face.

Link to Numbers 9: אהל מועד (ohel moed), “tent of meeting” (v.7). עמוד הענן (amud heanan), “the pillar of the cloud” (v.9), standing at the tent as the cloud does in Num 9:15–17.

1 And YAHUAH [h3068] spoke to Moshe (Moses) [h4872]: Go, go up [h5927] from this, you and the people whom you brought up [h5927] from the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt), to the land which I swore to Abraham, to Yitschaq (Isaac), and to Ya'akob (Jacob), to say: To your seed I will give her. 2 And I will send to your face a messenger, and I will drive out Aleph/Tau–the Kena'ani (Canaanite), the Emori (Amorites), and the Chitti (Hittite), and the Perizzi (Perizzite), the Chivvi (Hivite), and the Yebusi (Jebusite), 3 to a land flowing of milk and honey; for I will not go up [h5927] in your midst, for you are a hard-of-neck people, lest I consume you in the way. 4 And the people heard Aleph/Tau–the word, the evil, this, and they mourned; and a man did not put his ornament upon him. 5 And YAHUAH [h3068] said to Moshe (Moses) [h4872]: Say to the sons of Yisra'al (Israel): You are a hard-of-neck people; one moment I would go up [h5927] in your midst, and I would consume you. And now, bring down your ornament from upon you, and I will know what I shall do to you. 6 And the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) stripped off Aleph/Tau–their ornament from mount Choreb (Horeb). 7 And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] would take Aleph/Tau–the tent [h168] and stretch [him] out for him from outside to the camp, far off from the camp; and he called to him “tent [h168] of meeting [h4150].” And there was: every one seeking YAHUAH [h3068] would go out to the tent [h168] of meeting [h4150] that [was] from outside to the camp. 8 And there was: as Moshe (Moses) [h4872] went out to the tent [h168], all the people would rise and stand, a man [at] the opening of his tent [h168], and they would gaze after Moshe (Moses) [h4872] until his coming toward the tent [h168]. 9 And there was: as Moshe (Moses) [h4872] came toward the tent [h168], the pillar [h5982] of the cloud [h6051] would come down and stand [at] the opening of the tent [h168], and he would speak with Moshe (Moses) [h4872]. 10 And all the people would see Aleph/Tau–the pillar [h5982] of the cloud [h6051] standing [at] the opening of the tent [h168]; and all the people would rise and bow down, a man [at] the opening of his tent [h168]. 11 And YAHUAH [h3068] would speak to Moshe (Moses) [h4872] face to face, according as a man speaks to his neighbor. And he would return to the camp; and his attendant Yahusha (Joshua), son of Nun, a youth, would not depart from the midst of the tent [h168].

4.4 Exod 40:34–38 — The Cloud Covered, the Glory Filled

Context: The day the dwelling is raised, the cloud covers the tent of meeting and the glory of YAHUAH fills the dwelling; whenever the cloud is taken up, they set out.

Link to Numbers 9: Num 9:15–23 retells this day. כי־שכן עליו הענן (ki-shakhan alayu heanan), “because the cloud dwelt upon him” (v.35): the cloud covers the tent, the glory fills the dwelling. ובהעלות הענן מעל המשכן יסעו (uvehealot heanan meal hamishkan yisu), “and in the being taken up of the cloud from upon the dwelling they would set out” (v.36).

34 And the cloud [h6051] covered [h3680] Aleph/Tau–the tent [h168] of meeting [h4150], and the glory of YAHUAH [h3068] filled Aleph/Tau–the dwelling [h4908]. 35 And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] was not able to come to the tent [h168] of meeting [h4150], for the cloud [h6051] dwelt [h7931] upon him, and the glory of YAHUAH [h3068] filled Aleph/Tau–the dwelling [h4908]. 36 And in the going up [h5927] of the cloud [h6051] from upon the dwelling [h4908], the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) would journey [h5265] in all their journeys. 37 And if the cloud [h6051] did not go up [h5927], and they would not journey [h5265] until the day of his going up [h5927]. 38 For the cloud [h6051] of YAHUAH [h3068] [was] upon the dwelling [h4908] by day, and fire [h784] would be [by] night in him, to the eyes of all the house of Yisra'al (Israel), in all their journeys.

4.5 Num 24:5–6 — How Good Are Your Tents

Context: Bil'am (Balaam), hired by Balaq (Balak) to curse, lifts his eyes and sees Yisra'al (Israel) dwelling by their tribes, and blesses them instead.

Link to Numbers 9: אהליך … משכנתיך (ohalekha … mishkenotekha), “your tents … your dwellings”: the two words of Num 9, used of the people encamped around the dwelling.

5 How good are your tents [h168], Ya'akob (Jacob), your dwellings [h4908], Yisra'al (Israel)! 6 As valleys they are stretched out, as gardens upon a river, as aloes YAHUAH [h3068] planted, as cedars upon waters.

4.6 John 1:1–14 — In the Beginning Was the Word; the Word Tented among Us

Context: Yochanan (John) opens with the word who was in the beginning with god, through whom all things came to be, the light shining in the darkness; a man sent from god, Yochanan (John), bears witness to the light, and the word becomes flesh.

Link to Numbers 9: ἐσκήνωσεν (eskenosen) [G4637], “tented”, from σκηνή (skene), “tent.” “We beheld his glory”: the glory that filled the dwelling (Exod 40:34).

1 In beginning was the word, and the word was with god, and god was the word. 2 This one was in beginning with god. 3 All things came to be through him, and without him came to be not even one. What has come to be 4 in him was life, and the life was the light of men. 5 And the light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not overtake him. 6 There came to be a man sent from god, a name to him: Yochanan (John). 7 This one came for testimony, so that he might testify concerning the light, so that all might believe through him. 8 That one was not the light, but so that he might testify concerning the light. 9 The light, the true, which enlightens every man, was coming into the world. 10 He was in the world, and the world came to be through him, and the world did not know him. 11 He came into his own, and his own did not receive him. 12 But as many as received him, he gave to them authority to become children of god, to those believing into his name, 13 who were born not out of bloods, nor out of a will of flesh, nor out of a will of a man, but out of god. 14 And the word became flesh, and tented [G4637] among us, and we beheld his glory, glory as of an only-begotten from [the] Father, full of grace and truth.

4.7 Heb 8:1–6 — The True Tent, the Pattern, and a Better Covenant

Context: The high priest seated at the right hand of the throne serves in the true tent, pitched by the Master and not by man; the earthly priests serve a copy and shadow.

Link to Numbers 9: τῆς σκηνῆς τῆς ἀληθινῆς (tes skenes tes alethines), “the true tent” (v.2). V.5 quotes Exod 25:40: make all things “according to the pattern” (τύπον (typon)) shown on the mountain — the תבנית (tabnit) of Exod 25:9.

1 Now a summary upon the things being said: we have such a high priest, who sat down in the right hand of the throne of the majesty in the heavens, 2 a minister of the sanctified [places], and of the true tent [G4633], which the Master pitched, not a man. 3 For every high priest is appointed for the offering of both gifts and sacrifices; hence [there is] necessity for this one also to have something which he may offer. 4 If then indeed he were upon earth, he would not even be a priest, there being those who offer the gifts according to law, 5 who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, as Moshe (Moses) has been instructed, being about to complete the tent [G4633]: for “See,” he says, “you shall make all things according to the pattern that was shown to you in the mountain.” 6 But now he has obtained a more excellent service, by as much as he is also mediator of a better covenant, which has been legislated upon better promises.

4.8 2 Cor 5:1–4 — The House of Our Tent

Context: Paul writes that if the earthly house of our tent is taken down, we have a building from god, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.

Link to Numbers 9: τοῦ σκήνους (tou skenous) [G4636], “of the tent”: the body as a tent. “Taken down” (καταλυθῇ (katalythe)), as the dwelling was taken down for each journey: והורד המשכן (vehurad hamishkan) (Num 10:17).

1 For we know that if our earthly house of the tent [G4636] is torn down, we have a building out of god, a house not made with hands, eternal, in the heavens. 2 For also in this we groan, longing to be clothed over [with] our habitation, the one out of heaven, 3 if indeed also, having been clothed, we shall not be found naked. 4 For also we who are in the tent [G4636] groan, being burdened, because we do not wish to be unclothed, but to be clothed over, so that the mortal may be swallowed up by the life.

4.9 Rev 21:2–3 — The Tent of god with Men

Context: Yochanan (John) sees the new Yerushalayim (Jerusalem) coming down out of heaven, prepared as a bride, and hears a great voice from the throne.

Link to Numbers 9: ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ θεοῦ (he skene tou theou), “the tent of god”, and σκηνώσει (skenosei), “he will tent”: the verb of John 1:14 (4.6).

2 And the sanctified city, new Yerushalayim (Jerusalem), I saw coming down out of heaven from god, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. 3 And I heard a great voice out of the throne, saying: Behold, the tent [G4633] of god [is] with men, and he will tent [G4637] with them, and they will be his peoples, and god himself will be with them.

5. Upon the Mouth of YAHUAH ↑ top

5.1 Exod 17:1–3 • 5.2 Num 10:11–13 • 5.3 Num 12:1–8 • 5.4 Num 33:1–2 • 5.5 Num 33:38–39 • 5.6 Deut 34:4–5 • 5.7 Deut 1:26–27 • 5.8 Deut 8:2–3 • 5.9 Matt 4:1–4 • 5.10 Isa 1:18–20

5.1 Exod 17:1–3 — They Set Out upon the Mouth of YAHUAH, and There Was No Water

Context: After the manna, all the congregation sets out from the wilderness of Sin by their journeys and encamps in Rephidim; the people quarrel with Moshe (Moses).

Link to Numbers 9: The first על־פי יהוה (al-pi YAHUAH) in the Torah: למסעיהם על־פי יהוה ויחנו ברפידים (lemaseehem al-pi YAHUAH vayyachanu birefidim), “by their journeys upon the mouth of YAHUAH, and they encamped in Rephidim” (v.1).

1 And they set out [h5265], all the congregation of the sons of Yisra'al (Israel), from the wilderness [h4057] of Sin, to their journeys, upon the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068]; and they encamped [h2583] in Rephidim; and there was no water for the drinking of the people. 2 And the people quarreled with Moshe (Moses) [h4872], and they said: Give to us water, and we will drink. And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] said to them: What do you quarrel with me? What do you test Aleph/Tau–YAHUAH [h3068]? 3 And the people thirsted there for water; and the people murmured upon Moshe (Moses) [h4872], and said: For what this—you brought us up [h5927] from Mitsrayim (Egypt), to kill [h4191] Aleph/Tau me [/Yod] [h853] and Aleph/Tau–my sons and Aleph/Tau–my livestock in thirst?

5.2 Num 10:11–13 — The First Setting Out from Sinai

Context: In the second year, the second month, the twentieth of the month, the cloud is taken up from upon the dwelling of the testimony.

Link to Numbers 9: ויסעו בראשנה על־פי יהוה ביד־משה (vayyisu barishonah al-pi YAHUAH beyad-Moshe), “and they set out at the first, upon the mouth of YAHUAH by the hand of Moshe (Moses)” (v.13): the last words of Num 9:23, now carried out.

11 And there was, in the second year, in the second month, in the twentieth in the month: the cloud [h6051] was taken up [h5927] from upon the dwelling [h4908] of the testimony. 12 And the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) set out [h5265] to their journeys from the wilderness [h4057] of Sinai [h5514]; and the cloud [h6051] dwelt [h7931] in the wilderness [h4057] of Paran. 13 And they set out [h5265] in the first, upon the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068], by the hand [h3027] of Moshe (Moses) [h4872].

5.3 Num 12:1–8 — Mouth to Mouth I Speak in Him

Context: Miryam (Miriam) and Aharon (Aaron) speak in Moshe (Moses) on account of the Kushite (Ethiopian) woman he had taken: has YAHUAH spoken only in Moshe (Moses)? Moshe (Moses) is very humble, more than all the Adam upon the face of the ground. YAHUAH calls the three to the tent of meeting and comes down in the pillar of cloud.

Link to Numbers 9: פה אל־פה אדבר־בו (peh el-peh adabber-bo), “mouth to mouth I speak in him” (v.8): the mouth that the camp followed spoke through one man.

1 And Miryam (Miriam) and Aharon (Aaron) spoke in Moshe (Moses) [h4872] upon the account of the woman, the Kushite (Ethiopian), whom he had taken; for a Kushite (Ethiopian) woman he had taken. 2 And they said: Only, surely in Moshe (Moses) [h4872], has YAHUAH [h3068] spoken? Has he not also spoken in us? And YAHUAH [h3068] heard. 3 And the man Moshe (Moses) [h4872] was humble, very, more than all the Adam [h120] who is upon the face of the ground. 4 And YAHUAH [h3068] said suddenly to Moshe (Moses) [h4872], and to Aharon (Aaron), and to Miryam (Miriam): Go out, you three, to the tent [h168] of meeting [h4150]. And the three of them went out. 5 And YAHUAH [h3068] came down in a pillar [h5982] of cloud [h6051], and stood the opening of the tent [h168], and called Aharon (Aaron) and Miryam (Miriam); and the two of them went out. 6 And he said: Hear, please, my words. If your prophet shall be, YAHUAH [h3068], in an appearance to him I will make myself known; in a dream I will speak in him. 7 Not so my servant Moshe (Moses) [h4872]: in all my house faithful he is. 8 Mouth [h6310] to mouth [h6310] I will speak in him, and appearance [h4758], and not in riddles; and the form of YAHUAH [h3068] he looks upon. And why were you not afraid to speak in my servant, in Moshe (Moses) [h4872]?

5.4 Num 33:1–2 — Moshe (Moses) Wrote Their Goings Out

Context: At the end of the forty years the journeys of the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) from the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt) are listed, station by station.

Link to Numbers 9: מוצאיהם למסעיהם על־פי יהוה ואלה מסעיהם למוצאיהם (motsaeihem lemaseehem al-pi YAHUAH veelleh maseehem lemotsaeihem), “their goings out to their journeys upon the mouth of YAHUAH, and these are their journeys to their goings out” (v.2): the words turn back on themselves.

1 These: the journeys of the sons of Yisra'al (Israel), who went out from the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt) to their hosts, by the hand [h3027] of Moshe (Moses) [h4872] and Aharon (Aaron). 2 And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] wrote Aleph/Tau–their goings out to their journeys, upon the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068]; and these: their journeys to their goings out.

5.5 Num 33:38–39 — Aharon (Aaron) Went Up and Died upon the Mouth of YAHUAH

Context: In the fortieth year, the fifth month, on the first of the month, Aharon (Aaron) the priest goes up mount Hor.

Link to Numbers 9: על־פי יהוה וימת שם (al-pi YAHUAH vayyamat sham), “upon the mouth of YAHUAH, and he died there” (v.38).

38 And Aharon (Aaron) the priest went up [h5927] to Hor the mountain, upon the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068], and died [h4191] there, in the fortieth year to the going out of the sons of Yisra'al (Israel) from the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt), in the fifth month, in the first to the month. 39 And Aharon (Aaron), three and twenty and a hundred years old, in his death in Hor the mountain.

5.6 Deut 34:4–5 — Moshe (Moses) Died upon the Mouth of YAHUAH

Context: From mount Nebo YAHUAH shows Moshe (Moses) the land sworn to Abraham, Yitschaq (Isaac) and Ya'akob (Jacob).

Link to Numbers 9: וימת שם משה עבד־יהוה בארץ מואב על־פי יהוה (vayyamat sham Moshe eved-YAHUAH beerets Moav al-pi YAHUAH), “and Moshe (Moses) the servant of YAHUAH died there in the land of Mo'ab, upon the mouth of YAHUAH” (v.5).

4 And YAHUAH [h3068] said to him: Cut from [Zayin/] Aleph/Tau [h2063], the land which I swore to Abraham, to Yitschaq (Isaac), and to Ya'akob (Jacob), to say: To your seed I will give her. I have made you see in your eyes, and to there you shall not cross over. 5 And Moshe (Moses) [h4872] the servant of YAHUAH [h3068] died [h4191] there, in the land of Mo'ab, upon the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068].

5.7 Deut 1:26–27 — You Rebelled against the Mouth of YAHUAH

Context: Moshe (Moses) recalls Qadesh (Kadesh): after the spies, the people would not go up into the land.

Link to Numbers 9: ותמרו את־פי יהוה (vattamru et-pi YAHUAH), “and you rebelled against Aleph/Tau–the mouth of YAHUAH” (v.26): the opposite of setting out and encamping upon his mouth.

26 And you were not willing to go up [h5927], and you rebelled against Aleph/Tau–the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] your Alahym. 27 And you murmured in your tents [h168], and you said: In the hatred of YAHUAH [h3068] Aleph/Tau us [/Nun] [h853] he brought us out from the land of Mitsrayim (Egypt), to give Aleph/Tau us [/Nun] [h853] in the hand [h3027] of the Emori (Amorites), to destroy us.

5.8 Deut 8:2–3 — By All That Goes Out of the Mouth of YAHUAH

Context: Moshe (Moses) reminds Yisra'al (Israel) of the forty years: YAHUAH humbled them, tested them, and fed them the manna.

Link to Numbers 9: על־כל־מוצא פי־יהוה יחיה האדם (al-kol-motsa fi-YAHUAH yichyeh haadam), “upon all the going out of the mouth of YAHUAH the Adam shall live” (v.3): the פי יהוה (pi YAHUAH) of Num 9:18, 20, 23.

2 And you shall remember Aleph/Tau–all the way, which YAHUAH [h3068] your Alahym caused you to walk these forty years in [the] wilderness [h4057], for the sake that he might humble you, to test you, to know Aleph/Tau–what [was] in your heart: whether you would keep [h8104] his commandments, or not. 3 And he humbled you, and made you hunger, and fed you Aleph/Tau [h853] the manna, which you did not know, and your fathers did not know, for the sake that he might make you know that not upon the bread to him alone shall the Adam [h120] live, but upon all the going out of the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] shall the Adam [h120] live.

5.9 Matt 4:1–4 — Not upon Bread Alone

Context: Led by the spirit into the wilderness, Yahusha (Jesus) fasts forty days and forty nights and is tested.

Link to Numbers 9: V.4 quotes Deut 8:3: ἐπὶ παντὶ ῥήματι ἐκπορευομένῳ διὰ στόματος θεοῦ (epi panti rhemati ekporeuomeno dia stomatos theou), “upon every word going out through the mouth of god.”

1 Then Yahusha (Jesus) [G2424] was led up into the wilderness by the spirit, to be tested by the accuser. 2 And having fasted forty days and forty nights, afterward he hungered. 3 And the one testing, having come, said to him: If you are son of god, say that these stones become loaves. 4 But he, answering, said: [This] has been written: The Adam shall not live upon bread alone, but upon every word [G4487] going out through the mouth [G4750] of god.

5.10 Isa 1:18–20 — For the Mouth of YAHUAH Has Spoken

Context: YAHUAH reasons with Yehudah (Judah): though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be white as snow.

Link to Numbers 9: כי פי יהוה דבר (ki pi YAHUAH dibber), “for the mouth of YAHUAH has spoken” (v.20); the same seal closes Isa 40:5 and 58:14.

18 Come, please, and let us reason, says YAHUAH [h3068]: If your sins shall be as scarlet, as snow they shall be white; if they shall be red as a worm, as wool they shall be. 19 If you are willing and you hear, the good of the land you shall eat. 20 And if you refuse and you rebel, a sword you shall eat; for the mouth [h6310] of YAHUAH [h3068] has spoken.

6. The Watch ↑ top

6.1 Hab 2:1–3 • 6.2 Isa 21:6–8 • 6.3 Isa 62:6–7 • 6.4 Ezek 33:1–7 • 6.5 Ps 130:5–6 • 6.6 Matt 24:42–44 • 6.7 Mark 13:33–37 • 6.8 Luke 12:35–40 • 6.9 Rev 3:2–3 • 6.10 Rev 16:15

6.1 Hab 2:1–3 — Upon My Watch I Will Stand

Context: Chabaqquq (Habakkuk) has complained to YAHUAH; he takes his stand to see what he will speak with him, and is told to write the vision plainly.

Link to Numbers 9: על־משמרתי (al-mishmarti), “upon my watch”: משמרת (mishmeret) [h4931], the word of Num 9:19, 23. ואצפה (vaatsappeh), “and I will look out,” the root צפה (tsafah) [h6822]; מצור (matsor), “fortress.”

1 Upon my watch [h4931] I will stand, and I will station myself upon a fortress [h4692], and I will look out [h6822] to see what he will speak in me, and what I will return upon my reproof. 2 And YAHUAH [h3068] answered me, and said: Write a vision, and make plain upon the tablets, for the sake that one reading in him may run. 3 For still a vision [is] for the appointed time [h4150], and he pants to the end, and he will not lie. If he tarries, wait for him; for coming he will come, he will not delay.

6.2 Isa 21:6–8 — Set the Lookout

Context: In the burden of the wilderness of the sea, Adonai tells the prophet to set a lookout who will declare what he sees.

Link to Numbers 9: המצפה (hametsappeh), “the lookout” (v.6); על־מצפה (al-mitspeh), “upon the lookout tower,” and על־משמרתי (al-mishmarti), “upon my watch”, כל־הלילות (kol-halelot), “all the nights” (v.8).

6 For thus Adonai said to me: Go, station the lookout [h6822]; what he sees, he shall declare. 7 And he shall see a chariot, a pair of horsemen, a chariot of donkeys, a chariot of camels; and he shall pay attention, attention great of attention. 8 And he called out, a lion: Upon a lookout tower [h4707], Adonai, I am standing continually by day, and upon my watch [h4931] I am stationed all the nights.

6.3 Isa 62:6–7 — Watchmen upon Your Walls

Context: For the sake of Tsiyon (Zion) the prophet will not be silent until her righteousness goes out as brightness.

Link to Numbers 9: שמרים (shomrim) [h8104], “watchmen,” from שמר (shamar). כל־היום וכל־הלילה תמיד (kol-hayom vekhol-halaylah tamid), “all the day and all the night continually”: תמיד (tamid), as the cloud by day and the fire by night in Num 9:16.

6 Upon your walls, Yerushalayim (Jerusalem), I have appointed watchmen [h8104]; all the day and all the night, continually, they shall not be silent. You who cause to remember Aleph/Tau–YAHUAH [h3068], no rest for you; 7 and do not give rest to him, until he establishes, and until he sets Aleph/Tau–Yerushalayim (Jerusalem) a praise in the earth.

6.4 Ezek 33:1–7 — The Lookout and the Shofar

Context: YAHUAH sets Yechezqel (Ezekiel) as a lookout for the house of Yisra'al (Israel): when he sees the sword coming, he must sound the shofar and warn the people.

Link to Numbers 9: צפה (tsofeh) [h6822], “lookout” (v.2, 6, 7), the צפה (tsafah) root, not שמר (shamar). ותקע בשופר (vetaqa bashofar), “and sounds in the shofar” (v.3): the alarms of Num 10:1–10 follow this chapter.

1 And there was the word of YAHUAH [h3068] to me, to say: 2 Son of Adam [h120], speak to the sons of your people, and say to them: A land—when I bring upon her a sword, and the people of the land take a man, one, from their ends, and give Aleph/Tau him [/Vav] [h853] to them for a lookout [h6822], 3 and he sees Aleph/Tau–the sword coming upon the land, and blows in the shofar, and warns Aleph/Tau–the people, 4 and the one hearing hears Aleph/Tau–the sound of the shofar, and does not take warning, and a sword comes and takes him, his blood [h1818] shall be in his head. 5 Aleph/Tau [h853] the sound of the shofar he heard, and he did not take warning; his blood [h1818] shall be in him. And he, taking warning, delivers his soul [h5315]. 6 And the lookout [h6822], when he sees Aleph/Tau–the sword coming, and does not blow in the shofar, and the people are not warned, and a sword comes and takes from them a soul [h5315], he in his iniquity is taken; and his blood [h1818] from the hand [h3027] of the lookout [h6822] I will seek. 7 And you, son of Adam [h120], a lookout [h6822] I have given you for the house of Yisra'al (Israel); and you shall hear from my mouth [h6310] a word, and warn Aleph/Tau them [/Mem] [h853] from me.

6.5 Ps 130:5–6 — More than Watchmen for the Morning

Context: From the depths the psalmist cries; he waits for YAHUAH and hopes in his word.

Link to Numbers 9: משמרים לבקר (mishomrim laboqer), “from watchmen for the morning.” In Num 9:21 the people waited from evening until morning to see whether the cloud would be taken up.

5 I have awaited YAHUAH [h3068]; my soul [h5315] has awaited, and for his word I have hoped. 6 My soul [h5315] [is] for Adonai more than watchmen [h8104] for the morning, watchmen [h8104] for the morning.

6.6 Matt 24:42–44 — In What Watch the Thief Comes

Context: On the Mount of Olives Yahusha (Jesus) speaks of the coming of the son of man, as in the days of Noach (Noah).

Link to Numbers 9: γρηγορεῖτε (gregoreite) [G1127], “watch” (v.42). ποίᾳ φυλακῇ (poia phylake) [G5438], “in what watch” (v.43): a watch of the night.

42 Watch [G1127] therefore, because you do not know on what day your Master comes. 43 But know that [thing]: that if the householder had known in what watch [G5438] the thief [G2812] comes, he would have watched [G1127], and would not have allowed his house to be dug through. 44 Because of this you also become ready, because in an hour which you do not think, the son of man comes.

6.7 Mark 13:33–37 — What I Say to You, I Say to All: Watch

Context: A man going abroad leaves his house, gives authority to his servants, and commands the doorkeeper to watch.

Link to Numbers 9: γρηγορεῖτε (gregoreite), “watch” (v.35, 37). The four watches of the night: late, midnight, cockcrow, early (v.35).

33 Look, stay awake; for you do not know when the time is. 34 As a man away from home, having left his house, and having given to his bondservants the authority, to each his work, and commanded the doorkeeper that he should watch [G1127]. 35 Watch [G1127] therefore, for you do not know when the master of the house comes, whether late, or at midnight, or at cockcrow, or early— 36 lest, having come suddenly, he find you sleeping. 37 And what I say to you, I say to all: watch [G1127].

6.8 Luke 12:35–40 — Belts Girded and Lamps Burning

Context: Yahusha (Jesus) tells his disciples to be like servants waiting for their master to return from the wedding.

Link to Numbers 9: οἱ λύχνοι καιόμενοι (hoi lychnoi kaiomenoi), “the lamps burning” (v.35): the lamps of Num 8. ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ … τρίτῃ φυλακῇ (en te deutera … trite phylake), “in the second … third watch” (v.38).

35 Let your loins be girded about, and the lamps [G3088] burning; 36 and you [be] like men waiting for their own master, when he will return from the wedding feasts, so that, he having come and knocked, they may immediately open to him. 37 Blessed [are] those bondservants whom the master, having come, will find watching [G1127]. Amen, I say to you that he will gird himself, and will make them recline, and having come by will serve them. 38 And if in the second, and if in the third watch [G5438] he comes and finds [them] thus, blessed are those. 39 But know this, that if the householder had known in what hour the thief [G2812] comes, he would not have let his house be dug through. 40 And you become ready, because in the hour which you do not think, the son of man comes.

6.9 Rev 3:2–3 — If You Do Not Watch

Context: To the messenger of the assembly in Sardeis (Sardis): you have a name that you live, and you are dead.

Link to Numbers 9: γίνου γρηγορῶν (ginou gregoron), “become watching” (v.2); “I will come as a thief” (v.3).

2 Become watching [G1127], and strengthen the rest that were about to die; for I have not found your works fulfilled in the sight of my god. 3 Remember therefore how you have received and heard, and keep [G5083], and repent. If therefore you do not watch [G1127], I will come as a thief [G2812], and you shall never know what hour I will come upon you.

6.10 Rev 16:15 — Blessed Is He Who Watches and Keeps His Garments

Context: Between the sixth and seventh bowls, a voice breaks into the vision.

Link to Numbers 9: ὁ γρηγορῶν καὶ τηρῶν τὰ ἱμάτια (ho gregoron kai teron ta himatia), “he who watches and keeps the garments”: keeping, as Yisra'al (Israel) kept the watch of YAHUAH (Num 9:19, 23); garments, as the Levi'im (Levites) washed theirs (Num 8:7, 21).

15 Behold, I come as a thief [G2812]. Blessed [is] the one watching [G1127] and keeping [G5083] his garments, so that he may not walk naked and they see his shame.